INSECTA ERITANNICA DIPTERA. INSECTA BRITANNICA. D I P T E R A. VOL. III. FRANCIS WALKER, F.L.S. 11 » - ■ ■ ? \ LOVEIX IIKEVE, HENRIETTA STREET, COVKNT GARDEN. 1856. 343448 APR 9 - 1952 ifSRARl JOHN KDWAEB TAYIiOR, PRI1VTKI!, MT'IM! QUEEN STRISF.T, LINCOLN'S INN FIELDS Q PREFACE. It was originally contemplated to give a complete enumeration, with descriptions^ of the British Diptera in three volumes, of which tlie present is the last, and a general Introduction was pro- ■ mised therewith. But, as has been already explained in the Preface to the second volume, the matter was found so much more extensive than had been calculated, that it became neces- sary to omit a large proportion of the recorded British species, and many of the genera in the vast Family MnscidcB. It w^ould require a fourtii volume to develope the work with the degree of completeness originally proposed ; and as there is now a prospect that the PubHshcr may be encouraged to offer such a supple- mentary volume by Mr. Ilalichiy, it has been thought better to reserve the general view and illustrations of the Order for the conclusion, and thereby to give more space for the treatment of the Families remaining for the present volume, and for additions to the plates, and to the text, illustrative of those treated of in the preceding two. A complete enumeration of the known British species not described in these three volumes would have occupied more space than could be spared for the purpose. The additions therefore have been limited to a notice of the genera omitted, including tlie reasons for the exclusion of some few that appear VI PREFACE. in the previous lists of Britisli Dipteea. It has not been thought necessary to enumerate the genera which Macquart and Desvoidy have formed as dismemberments of those of Meigen, nor yet certain others, the representatives of which will be found included in the greater genera from which they were taken, as the collective index of generic names and synonyms will direct the student to these, and the complete Systematic Index is re- served for the Supplement. As the sheets up to the end of the index to this volume have been printed off several months since, it was not practicable to incorporate the first list of Errata. The Addenda and Corrigenda, aufl the general observations, have been kindly prepared by Mr. Haliday; and Mr. Westwood has supplied two supplementary plates of generic illustrations instead of two drawn by Mr. Haliday, to illustrate the venation of the wings and the nomenclature adopted for the veins and areolets, which also will find a place in the Supplement. Francis Walker. February, 1856. The reader is requested to bear in mind that the Analytic Tables, whether of families, genera, or species, are intended to apply only to the British species described in these volumes, and that a more ex- tended application of them would be liable to lead into error in several instances. The change of plan, adopted at the very conclusion of the present volume, having caused the Errata to he dispersed in several lists, it is recommended carefully to note all the corrections from these in the text. A. II. II. EXPLANxVTIOX OF THE CONTRACTIONS IN THE REFERENCES. A. N. H. — Annals of Natm-al History. A. S. N. — Annales des Sciences Nata- relles. Act. Holm. — Kongliga Svenska Ve- tenskaps Akademiens Handliugar, Stockholm. Agas. the hind pair formed for leaping ; coxse large ; femora stout ; tibiae setose ; torsi with two strong claws. Very few insects are more generally known than the Flea ; and for a more detailed history of it, the following authors may be especially consulted : — Leuwenhoeck, Eosel, De Geer, Latreille, Defrance, Duges, Bouche, Strauss -Durckheim, Newman, and Westwood. The South American Chigoe or Jigger, Pulex pene- trans, L. (genus Harcopsylla, Westw.), is much more injurious, for it buries itself beneath the skin, and sometimes causes morti- fication. The eggs of the common flea are large, white, oval. The larvEe are long and vermiform, with thirteen segments; the head is rather longer than the other segments, and somewhat at- tenuated in front, and has two short one-jointed antenua3; the anal segment is furnished with two slightly curved appendages. They feed on animal matter, whether on the bodies of birds and beasts, or cast off. The pupa is inactive, and generally enclosed in a silken cocoon. The following specific descriptions are mostly translated from Bouche. 1. irritans, L. S.TsT. ii. 1021 (1753); F.; Gmel; Scop.; Leach; Duges ; Bouche ; Guer. Piceo-fusca, capite nitente Icevi sparse et sub- liliter punctato, pedibiis pallidioribus, femoribus posticis intus ciUatls, tarsonim anticonmi articido secundo posticorum prhiio longissimo. Long. 1 fin. The Common Flea. — Abdomen above loith two stout apical diverging bristles. Coxce very broad, fiat, with sliort bristles above. Femora equally broad, fiat, somewhat thicker than the coxce, with short hairs, fore pair with two stout apical bristles above, hind pair fringed with bristles on the inner side. Tibice and tarsi with stout apical spines. Uiigues fringed beneath with little spines. The joints of the tarsi in relation to their com- parative length have the following succession in the fore pair, 2, 5, 1, 3, 4, and in the hind pair, 1, 5, 2, 3, 4. Generally distributed. (E. S. I.) 2. Canis, St. ; Uuges A. S. N. 163. 2. pi. 4. f. 2-5 (1832) ; Bouche; Steph.; Curt. — terres tr is ? Macc[. Fallide piceo-fusca, capite nudo nitente Icevi sparse et siibliliter punctato, coxis et femoribus fere nu- dis, tarsorum anticonmi articulo (puinto posticorum prhno longissimo. Long, f fin. Resembles P. ii-ritans, but is smaller and paler, and has shorter legs ; coxce slightly bristly. Femora almost bare. Tibice thicker than in P. irritans. Joints of the fore tarsi in relation to their comparative length, 5, 2, 1, 3, 4 ; of the hind tarsi, 1, 5, 2, 3, 4. Ungues of the male broad, and fringed toith black spines on both sides. Infests the dog and tiie fox. (E. S. I.) 3. Gallinae, Schr. F. B. iii. 195 (1798); Bouche. Ficeo-fusca, PULEX. 3 ovata, capite nitente Icevi longiusculo, prothorace nigro-costato, tarsorum omnium articulo primo lon'acis([ue vittis tribus 7iigris, alis subcinereis, abdomine fusco fasciis testaceis, pedibus testaceis, tarsis fuscis. Long. If ; alar. 3-i- lin. Tawmj. Antennae black, a little longer than the thorax, tawny at 32 MYCETOPHILID^. the base. Thorax with three black stripes, the middle one in advance of the others. Pectus testaceous. Wings greyish ; veinlets of the prfebrachial areolet forming an obtuse angle, the hind one full twice the length of the fore one, and as long as the subapical vein before its fork ; fork of the subanal vein a little nearer than the fork of the sub- apical to the base of the wing ; anal vein extending beyond the fork of the subanal. Hal teres testaceous. Abdomen brown, with a testaceous band on the hind border of each segment. Legs testaceous ; tarsi brown ; hind tibife armed with minute spines and with long spurs. Eare. (E.) 15. pubescens. Walk. E. M. iv. 115 (1837). Nigra, cinereo-to- mentosa, palpis, halteribus pedibusque testaceis, alls limpidis apice subcinereis, tarsis apices versus nigricantibus. Long. 1--; alar. 3 lin. Black, with hoary tomentum. Palpi testaceous. Antennse a little longer than the thorax. Wings limpid, with greyish tips ; subcostal vein short, united to the radial at its tip ; radial joining the costal at less than two-thirds of the length of the wing, united to the cubital by a transverse veinlet which is nearly opposite the fork of the sub- apical ; cubital united to the costal at some distance from the tip of the latter ; fork of the subanal a little nearer than the fork of the sub- apical to the base of the wing. Halteres testaceous. Legs testaceous ; tarsi blackish towards the tips. Not rare. (E.) IG. diversa, n. Nigra, palpis, halteribus, abdominis segmentorum marginibus posticis pedibusque testaceis, thoracis lateribus anticis sub- fulvis, alis subcinereis, tarsis fuscis. Long. 2 ; alar. 4 lin. Black. Palpi testaceous. Antennae testaceous at the base. Thorax slightly tawny on each side in front. Wings very slightly greyish; sub- costal vein joining the costal before one-tliird of the length of the wing, not united to the radial ; radial ending at about three-fourths of the length, joined to the cubital by a transverse veinlet which is nearly opposite the fork of the subapical ; cubital joining the costal at a short distance from the tip of the latter ; fork of the subapical vein very much further than the fork of the subanal from the base of the wing ; anal vein not extending to the fork of the subanal. Halteres testa- ceous. Hind borders of the abdominal segments testaceous. Legs tes- taceous ; tarsi brown. Rare. (E.) 17. defecta, n. Mas, nigra, palpis, abdominis apice pedibusque testaceis, alis sublimpidis, halteribus testaceis apice nigris, trochantcribus nigro-variis, tarsis nigricantibus. Long. 1 ; alar. 2 lin. Male. Black. Palpi testaceous. Autenmc submoniliform, a little longer than the thorax. Wings nearly limpid; subcostal vein joining the costal at a little before one-third of the length of the wing, united by a little transverse veinlet with the radial at some distance from its tip ; radial joining the costal before two-thirds of the lengtli, united BOLETINA. 33 with the cubital by a veinlet wliich is a little beyond the base of the subapical vein ; cubital joining the costal near the tip of the latter; subapical and subanal slight, the former forked near its base. Halteres testaceous, with black knobs. Abdomen testaceous at the tip. Legs testaceous ; trochanters partly black ; spurs long ; tarsi blackish, minntely setose beneath. Bare. (E.) Genus V. BOLETINA. BoLETiNA, Stseg. D. D. (1840) ; Zett. Mijcdopldla p., Meig. Leia p., Meig. Leptomorphns p., Walk. Corpus gracile. Oeuli ovati. Ocelli tres, intermedius niinimns. Palpi arcuati, 4-articulati. Antenna? graciles, filiformes, subcoraprcssa?, fere nudte, 16-articulata3. Thorax brevis. ^eDNEURA. 43 the tip of the wing ; first cubital areolet very narrow, about thrice longer than broad ; subapical and siibanal veins slight, pale, secondary ; fork of the former opposite the first cubital areolet ; fork of the latter nearer the base of the wing. Halteres testaceous. Abdomen slightly compressed. Legs blackish, rather sliort and stout ; coxa? and femora testaceous ; hind tibite with very minute spines and moderately long spurs. Not common. (E.) 24. aliena, n. Mas, cinereo-nifjra, palpis, halteribus, abdominis lateribus rautreque basim versus, coxis fcmoribusque testaceis, alis subci- nereis, abomine subcompresso, femoribus posticis apice nigris. Long. l\ ; alar. 2^ lin. Male. Clnereous-blaclc. Palpi testaceous. Antennae hardly longer than the thorax, testaceous at the base. AA'ings slightly greyish ; sub- costal vein very short, joining the costal before one-sixth of the length of the wing ; radial joining the costal before two-thirds of the length ; cubital ending at about five-sixtlis of the length; first cubital areolet very narrow, full four times longer than broad ; subapical and subaual veins slight ; subapical vein forked opposite the end of tlie first cubital areolet ; subanal forked at the base of the wing. Halteres testaceous. Abdomen slightly compressed, testaceous beneath and on each side toioards the base. Legs rather short and stout ; coxae and. femora testaceous ; hind femora with black tips ; hind tibiae with very minute spines and rather long spurs. Rare. Found in June, on the banks of the Wve, near Chep- stow. (E.) 25. pictipennis, Hal. A. N. H. 11 (183S). Testacea, fronte ver- ticeque subfuscis, autennis fuscis, alis hyalinis fasciis duabus fuscis, ab- dominc fasciis nigris, tarsis fuscescentibus. Long. 1|-; alar. Z\ lin. Testaceous. Front and vertex brownish. Antennae brown, yellow at the base. TTinr/s hyaline, with two brown bands ; one in the middle of the wing, extending beyond the areolet, and sinuated thence to the hind border ; the other subapical, extending to the tip of the radial vein. First and second abdominal segments unspotted ; third and fourth black, with testaceous hind border ; fifth and sixth almost wholly black ; hypopygium testaceous. Tarsi brownish. Very rare. - Has been found once in Kent. In Mr. Haliday's collection. (E.) 26. halterata, Sta?g. 1). D. (ISIO) ; Zett. D. S. xi. 4138. 34 (1852). Testacea, vertice fronte antcnnisque nigro-fuscis, alis fusco- venosis, vena pobrachiali Integra, areola minutissima, abdomine f/tsces- cente. Long. 2-| ; alar. 4 lin. Testaceous. Vertex and front blackish-brown. vVntennae blackish- brown, rather stout; first and second joints ferruginous. Thorax slightly shining, with pale hairs. Wings hyaline; veins brown, rather 44 MYCETOPHILID.E. stout ; subcostal vein not extending much beyond the areolet, con- nected witli tlie radial before tbe areolet, which is very small ; fork of the preebrachial vein with a very short petiole, almost sessile ; pobra- chial vein entire. Haltcres with a blackish-brown knob. Abdomen hrowniah. Posterior tibite with short, but distinct little spines. The whole stature with the antenute and legs shorter than in >S'. riifa ; veins of the wings stouter, and diilerently arranged. Very rare. Has been found once iu Tallymore Park,. County Down. In Mr. Haliday's collection. (I.) Genus VII. TETRAGONEURA. Tetragoneura, Winn. Ent. Zeit. Stett. vii. 18 (184G). Sciopldla p., Meig. ; Curt. Mycetophila p., Meig. Corpus gracile, elongatuni. Caput parvum. Oculi rotundi. Ocelli tres, lineam paidlulum curvatam efficientes, intermedius paullo minor. Proboscis brevis. Palpi exserti, incurvi, 4-articulati. Antenna3 fili- formes, porrectse, subcompressac, G-articulatfe, corporis diinidio non longiores ; articulus primus cyathiformis ; secundus cupuliformis ; tertius et sequentes cylindrici. Thorax ovatus. Alee obtusss, in- cumbentes, parallelse, sat latse, areolis duabus cubitalibus. Abdo- men segmentis 7. Pedes longiusculi ; coxse elongatse ; femora com- pressa ; tibiis apice calcaratas, postica3 spinosse. Mas. Abdomen cylindricum, forcipe brevi. Foeui. Abdomen subcompressum, acumi- natum. Body slender, elongated. Head small, round ; vertex broad. Eyes round. Ocelli Ihree, formbuj a curved line on the front, the middle one rather smaller than the others. Proboscis short. Labiiun short, fleshy, bifid, and hairy in front. Palpi four-jointed, porrect, curved ; first joint very small; fourth long, filiform. Antenna3 sixteen-jointed, por- rect, curved ; first and second joints bristly ; first cyathiform ; second elongate, cyathiform ; third and following joints short, cylindrical. Thorax oval, convex. Scutellura small, obtuse behind, with long bristles. Wings almost oval, obtuse, incumbent, parallel, longer than the abdomen ; subcostal vein very short ; radial ending at much beyond half the length of the wing; cubital ending at much before the tip of the wing; subapical forked at beyond the middle of the wing; fore fork ending at the tip of the wing ; subanal ending nearer the base of the wing; anal not extending to the border of the wing; two cubital areolets. Abdomen with seven segments. Legs rather long ; coxae elongated ; femora compressed ; tibiae armed with spurs, the hind pair with lateral spines. Male. Abdomen cylindrical, with short forceps at the tip. Fern. Abdomen slightly compressed, acuminated. Tetragoneura is nearly allied to Scioj'^hila, but the two genera may be distinguished by tlie following characters, and by some TETRAGONEURA. 45 differences in the wing-veins. In 8cwph%la the head is ahnost conical ; the ej-es are not quite circular, generally almost rcniform ; the ocelli form a very minute triangle, the middle one is very small, and the joints of the antennse are somewhat compressed. In Teiragoneura the head is round, flat above ; the eyes are circular ; the ocelli are of nearly equal size, and are disposed in a curved line; and the joints of the antennre are cylindrical. 1. hirta, Winn. Ent. Zeit. Stett. vii. 19 (1846). — clisdmiUs, Zett. Mas et Fcem. nigra, proboscide, palpis et antennnrum articulis primo et seciDido Jlavis, tliorace nigro-cinerco, alis liyalinis, vena siibcostali in radiali exeunte ante areolaiu, fiirca vence pohraclilalis prope basim alee, coxis femoribnsque albo-fiavis, tibiis tarsisque fuscis ; Mas, abdomine uigro nitido, segtuentis basahbns subtus flavis ; To;m. abdomine ilavo, vitta dorsali fasciisque nigris. Long. \\; alar. 3 hn. Male and 'Fern. Black, clotlicd with whitish liairs. Proboscis and palpi yellow. Yirst and second joints of the antennce yellow. Thorax blackish-grey, beset with long whitish-yellow bristles. Wings hyahne ; costal, radial, and cubital veins brown, the rest nearly colom'less ; sub- costal vein ending in the radial before its middle, at a distance before the areolet equal to the length of the latter ; areolet oblong, ahnost longer than tlie last segment (following it) of the radial vein ; fork of the prsebrachial vein opposite the transverse cubital vein, or the apex of the areolet ; fork of the pobrachial retracted almost to the base of the wing. Halteres white. Coxse and femora whitish-yellow ; second joint of the coxai and hind femora with black tips, the latter with a black streak at the base on the under side ; tibiae and tarsi brown. Male. Abdomen black, shining, clothed with whitish-yellow hairs ; first and second, and occasionally the third of the ventral segments yellow. Tem. Abdomen yellow ; segments with a black dorsal stripe and black bands ; sixth and seventh segments wholly black. Very rare. Has been found in Down, Ireland. In j\Ir. Hali- day's collection. (I.) 2. sylvatica, Curt.! B. E. xiv. pi. 641 {\%?>l);—distincta,'\T\mx. Nigra, ])robosci(lc, palpis et antennaruni articulo secundo Jlavis, thorace nigro-cinereo, alis hyaliuis, /area vena; pobruchialis prope medium alee, vena siibcostali obsoleta, coxis femoribnsque albo-flavis, tibiis tarsisque fuscis ; Mas, abdomine nigTO nitido, segraentis basalibus subtus flavis ; Fcem. abdomine nigro, ventre flavo. Long. 1 ^ ; alar. 3 lin. Male and Fern. Black. Proboscis, palpi, and second joint of the antennee yellow. Thorax blackish-grey, beset with long whitish-yellow bristles. Wings obscurely hyaline ; veins tow\ards the costa brownish- ferruginous ; subcostal vein obsolete ; areolet minute, oblong ; fork of the pra^jrachial vein opposite to the prajbrachial median transverse vein, or to the base of the areolet ; fork of the pobrachial rather nearer to the base of the wing ; its anterior branch equal to the common 46 MYCETOPHILIDiE. petiole. Halteres white. Coxfe and femora whitish-yellow ; second joint of the coxa; and hind femora with black tips, the latter with a black streak at the base on the under side ; tibise and tarsi brown. Male. Abdomen black, shining, clothed with whitish-yeUow hairs ; first and second, and occasionally the third, of the ventral segments yellow. Fern. Abdomen black, yellow beneath. Rare. (E. I.) 3. melanoceras, n. "Nigra, antemiis toils nif/ris, alls obscure hyalinis, vexa suLcosiaU in costali exeimte contra areolam, furca vence pobracJtiaUs ante medium aire. Long. 1-i ; alar. 3 lin." " Black, slightly shining. Month and palpi yellowish. AntenncB wliolli/ hlacJi-, filiform, longer than the thorax. Thorax slightly glisten- ing-cinereous, with some yellowish hairs. Wings obscurely hyaline ; veins brown ; the three anterior or costal veins stouter, blackish-brown except at the base ; subcostal vein complete, ending in the costa very little beyond the base of the areolet, which is elongated as in T. Jilrta, but slightly dilated at the tip ; median vein not longer than the areolet, and for the most part pale ; fork of the pohrachial vein opposite the base of the median vein, and therefore longer than the fork of the prce- hrachlal, but not so near to the base of the wing as In T. hirta. Halteres whitish. Abdomen elongated, with pale sutures. Legs yellow ; tips of the coxfij of the hind femora and (more slightly) of the hind tibite brownish ; tibise darker than the femora, with pale yellow spurs ; fore tibiae bare, the posterior minutely spinulose ; tarsi almost brown ; fore tarsi not twice the length of the fore tibite, dilated, and slightly com- pressed in the middle." — Hal. MSS. Very rare. Has been found at Holywood^ near Belfast. In Mr. Ilaliday's collection. (I.) " The subcostal vein running to the costal^ and the length of the fork of the pobrachial^ seem to afford the chief distinctive cha- racter of this species. I should remark that the subcostal vein running to the costal takes away one of the distinctive characters of Telragoneura, as compared with Scwphlla ; but the near ap- proach of tlie radial to the cubital, and consequent narrowness of the small areolet^ and the cubital vein terminating some way before the tip of the wing, with the general resemblance to the other species of Tetragoneura, led me to place it in this genus." — Hal. MSS. Genus VIII. ASINDULUM. AsiNDULUM, Latr. H. N. Cr. et Ins. xiv. 390 (1804.). Tljmla p., P. Platyura p., Meig. ; Zett. Macrorrhgncha, Winn. Corpus elongatum. Oculi oblongi, intus cmargiiuiti. Ocelli trcs, fron- LEPTOMORPHUS. 47 tales ; intermedius anticiis, minor. Proboscis elongata, sub liecLore irijlexa, profiaide bifida, lahiis elongatis. Palpi exserti, distincte 4- articidati. Autcnnre 17-articulatic, pon-ecta% subcorapresssc ; arti- culus primus cyathiformis ; secuudus cupuliformis ; tertius et se- quentes cylindrici; septimus-decimus minimus. Thorax ellipticus, convexus. Scutellum parvum, semilunatum. Alse obtusse, pubes- centes, incumbentes, paralleke. Abdomen cylindricum, segmentis 8. Pedes sat longi ; coxae elongatte ; femora valida, nuda ; tibiai apicc calcaratEe, posteriores lateribus spinulosfc. Body long-. Head nearly oval, depressed in front. Vertex convex. Front broad. Eyes oblong, emarginated on tlie inner side. Ocelli three, the middle one in front, smaller than the other two. Mouth produced into a sJtort rostrtim. Proboscis very lowj, bent under tJie pec- tus, deeply bijid, with elongate lips. Palpi porrect, with four distinct joints; first joint small; second longer than the third; fourth as long as the third. Antennte seventecn-jointed, porrect, curved ; first joint cyatliiform ; second elongate-cyathiform ; tliird and following joints cylindrical, pubescent, approximate ; seventeenth very small, nearly conical. Thorax elliptical, convex. Scutellum small, semilunate. Metathorax convex. Wings obtuse, minutely pubescent, parallel in repose ; subcostal vein very short ; radial ending at nuich beyond half the length of tlie wing; cubital forked, its fore fork ending much nearer to the radial vein than to the tip of the second fork, which ends at a little in front of the tip of the wing; subapical forked near its base, its fore fork ending at a little behind the tip of the wing ; sub- anal forked much nearer to the base of the wing, its fore fork con- nected by a transverse veinlet with the cubital betbre the fork of the subapical ; anal and axillary veins short. Abdomen cylindrical, with eight segments. Legs rather long ; coxaj elongated ; femora, especially the hind pair, stout, bare; tibiae armed with spurs at the tips; hind tibiae with mniute lateral spines. Male. Abdomen cylindrical ; tip obtuse, with small forceps. Fern. Abdomen subfusiform, acuminated at the tip. 1. flavum, Winn. Ent. Zeit. Stett. vii. 17 (184C). Mas et Fcem. flavum, proboscide, palpis antennisque fuscescentibus, thorace nigro- hirto, vittis tribus pallide flavo-fuscis, alis flavescentibus, halteribus pedibusque albidis, abdomine llavido, apice nigro, tibiis pallide fuscis, tarsis obscui'e fuscis ; Mas, abdominis segmentis intermediis fuscis ; Fcem. abdominis segmentis intermediis nigro-marginatis. Long. 2-2-|; alar. 4-5 lin. Male and Fern. Yellow. Proboscis, palpi, and antennae brown. Thorax with three pale indistinct yellowish-brown stripes, clothed with black hairs. Wings yellowish. Halteres whitish. Legs whitish ; tibia) pale brown; tarsi dark brown. i]fale. Abdomen brown; first and second segments yellow ; sixth, seventh, and eighth black. Fern. Abdomen dingy pale yellow; third, fourth, and fifth segments with black sutures ; seventh and eighth black. 48 MYCETOPHILID.55. Eare, June, Tullymore Park. The larva inhabits decayed wood. In the collection of Mr. Haliday. (I.) Genus IX. LEPTOMORPHUS. Leptomorphus, Curt. B. E. 365 (1831). Mas. Corpus gracile. Caput parvum. Palpi capitis longitudine, 4- articulati. Oculi ovati. Ocelli duo, distincti. Antennse fililbrmes, 16-articulatae, corporis dimidio breviores. Thorax brevissiraus. Ala augustcC; vena cuhltalis non f areata ; siibanalis furcata. Halteres breviusculi. Abdomen subcorapressum, apicem versus subincrassa- tura, thorace quadruple lougior. Pedes longi, graciles ; t.lbi(S spuds minimis calcaribusque lonyis. Male. Body slender. Head small. Palpi four-jointed, as long as tlie head ; fourth joiut long and slender. Eyes oval. Ocelli two, dis- tinct. Antennae filiform, sixteen-johited, less than half the length of the body. Thorax very short. Wings narrow ; costal vein ending at very little in front of the tip of the wing ; subcostal ending at a little before half the length, connected near its tip with the radial by a very short transverse veinlet, which is very near another between the radial and the cubital ; radial ending at beyond five-sixths of the length ; cubital united with the tip of the costal, not forked ; fork of the sub- apical vein nmcJi beyond the fork of the subanal, which is itearly opposite the transverse veinlets ; anal vein extending a little beyond the fork of the subanal. Halteres rather short. Abdomen shglitly compressed, rather thickened towards the tip, full four times the length of the thorax. Legs long, slender; tibice tvith very minute spines and long spurs. 1. "Walkeri, Curt. B. E. 365 (1831). Testaceus, antennis, tho- racis vittis tribus, abdovninis fasciis tarsisque fuscis, alis sublimpidis macula discali fusca apicibus cinereis. Long. 5 ; alar. 7 lin. Testaceous. Antenna; brown, testaceous towards the base. Thorax with three brown stripes, which are united hindward. Wings nearly limpid, with grey tips and with a brown spot at the tip of the prae- brachial areolet. Abdomen brown towards the tip ; hind borders of the segments brownish. Tarsi brown. Not common. (E.) Genus X. DIADOCIDIA. DiADOCiDiA, Euthe, Isis xi. 1310 (1831) ; Winn. Mgcetobia p., j\reig. Macroneura, Mcq. Sciat'a p., Zctt. Corpus lineare, breviusculum, fere nudum. Caput rotuadum, supra MYCETOBIA. 49 (lepressiim. Facies pilosa. Oculi rcniforracs. Ooelli tres, fere eequales ; intermedius anticus, lateralibus vix minor. Palpi 4-articulati, gra- ciles. AntenucC latiuscula3, fere cyliudricas, 1 T-articulatte, corporis diuiiflio lion longiores ; articulus septimus-decimus minimus. Thorax subrotuudus, convexus. Scutcllum parvum. Alee sat latse, pubes- centes ; vena subanalis simplex. Halteres breves. Abdomen cylin- dricum, segmentis 7, thorace multo lougius. Pedes graciles, sat breves, subpubescentes ; femora valida ; tibice graciles, calcaratae, podlccE spiiiis nonuullis minimis. Body linear, nearly bare, rather sliort. Head round, flat above. Face pilose. Eyes reniform. Ocelli three, the middle one in front, hardly smaller than the others. Palpi four-jointed, slender. Antennae seven- teen-jointed, rather stout, almost cylindrical, not more than half the length of the body ; seventeenth joint very small. Thorax nearly round, convex. Scutellum small. TFings moderately broad, pubescent, parallel in repose; subcostal vein ending at much less tliin half the length of the wing ; radial springing from the subcostal near its base, ending at a little in front of the tip of the wing ; cubital and subapical long, springing from an angular transverse veinlet, the latter forked at a little before half its length; subanal simple ; anal reaching the border. Halteres short. Abdomen much longer than the thorax, cylindrical, with seven segments. Legs rather short, slightly pubescent ; femora stout ; tibiae slender, armed with spurs at the tips ; Jiind tibice with some slender and very short lateral spines. 1. ferruginosa, Meig. Zw. \-i. 294 (1S30) ; Vi'vim.—flavicans, Ruthe. — TFinthemi, Mcq. — testacea, Zett. Tota ferruginea, alls fulves- centibus, tarsis fuscis. Long. 1^ ; alar. 3 lin. Eare. Has been found by Mr. Haliday at Killarney. (I.) Genus XI. MYCETOBIA. Mycetobia, Meig. Zw. i. 229 (1818); Mcq.; Winn. Corpus lineare, breviusculum, fere nudum. Caput rotundum, supra depressum. Oculi reniformes. Ocelli trcs ; intermedius anticus, parvus. Palpi 4-articulati. Antennae latiuscula^ 17 -articulate, cor- ])oris dimidio non longiores ; articulus septimus-decimus minimus. Thorax fere ellipticiis. Alae sat latic ; \:ena suha)ialisfi(rcata. Hal- teres breves. Abdomen thorace raulto longius. Pedes latiusculi, sat breves, subpubescentes ; tibia calcaribns minimis, non spiiwsa. Body linear, nearly bare, rather short. Head round, flat above. Eyes reniforin. Ocelli three ; the middle one small, in front. Palpi four-jointed. AntenucE stout, sixtecn-jointed, rather less than half the length of the body. Thorax nearly elliptical. Wings moderately broad ; subcostal vein ending at a little beyond two-thirds of the lengtli of the wing. Radial emerging from the subcostal at half the length of the VOL. IV. H 50 mycetoptttlid.t:. latter, forming an obtuse angle near its base, and after an inward curve, ending- at about four-fifths of the length; cubital proceeding from the angle of the radial, straight from thence to its end, which is a little in front of the tip of the wing; subapical emerging from the pobrachial transverse veinlet, forked beyond half its length ; mhanal forked, form- ing the prfebi'achial and the pobrachial ; anal and axillary incomplete ; humeral veinlet near the base. Areolets thirteen — the humeral, the radical, the subcostal, the radial, the prfebrachial, which is united to the pobrachial, the cubital, the subapical, thi'ee externo-medial, the anal, the axillary and the subaxillary one ; the three last are incomplete. Posterior margin forming a curve at beyond twice the length of the humeral areolet from the base. Halteres short. Abdomen much longer than the thorax. Legs rather short and stout, minutely pubes- cent ; tlbi/e without spines, their spurs very minute ; tarsi not longer than the tibias. The only British species of this genus lives in woods, and is less active than the other Mycetophilida. The larva feeds on fungi. 1. pallipes, Meig. ! Zw. i. 230. 1. pi. 8. f. 10 (1818); Mcq. ; Wiim. Nigra, alis sublimpidis, halteribus pedibuscpie testaceis, abdo- mine piceo. Long. 2 ; alar. 4 lin. Black. Wings almost limpid. Halteres testaceous. Abdomen pi- ceous. Legs testaceous. Rare. Inhabits decayed trunks of trees. (E. I.) Genus XII. SCIARA. SciAKA, Meig. Kl. Zw. vi. (1830); Zett. ; Stjeg. Tipula p., L. ; r. E. S.; Geoii'. ; Gmel. Chironoimis p., F. Sciara p., Meig. Zw. i. r. Hirtea p., F. S. A. Molobrus, Latr. ; Mcq. Corpus parvum; saepissirae nigrum. Caput parvum. Proboscis pro- minula. Labium bilobum. Oculi emarginati. Ocelli tres, medius minimus, antepositus. Palpi triarticulati, incurvi. Antennce 1 (S-ar- ticulatce, subfiliformes. Thorax subellipticus. Alee angustse, imma- culatse ; vena sitbcostalis hrevis ; cuhitalis et suhanalis shnplices ; sub- apicalis furcata. Halteres longiusculi. Abdomen elongatum. Pedes vix elongati ; tihice. non spinosfie, calcaribus Lrevinsculis. Mas. An- tennas coi")oore vix breviores. Abdomen apicc bilobum. Fcem. An- tenUcE corporis dimidio non longiores. Abdomen apice attenuatum. Body small, very generally black. Head small. Proboscis some- what prominent. Labium bilobcd. Eyes emarginate. Ocelli three, the middle one in front, very small. Palpi three-jointed, curved down- ward. Antenna! sixteen-jointed, nearly filiform. Thorax nearly ellipti- cal. Wings more or less narrow, blackish or limpid, not spotted ; sub- SCIAKA. 51 costal vein little more than one-fourth of the iength of the winrj ; ratlial a little more than two-thirds ol' the leiigili ; cubital simple, ending at a little in front of the tip ; subapical emerging from the cnbital before one-third of the length, forked before two-thirds of the length ; snb- anal and anal diverging to the posterior margin; suhanal simple; axil- lary and subaxiUary rudimentary ; humeral veinlet very near the base. Areolets ten — the humeral, the subcostal and the radial, which are partly united, the pra^brachial, the pobrachial, the cubital, the subapi- cal, one externo-medial, the anal, and the axillary. Posterior margin forming a slight acute angle at a little beyond the length of the humeral areolet from the base. Halteres rather long. Abdomen elongated, nearly linear. Le(js slender, of moderate length ; coxte rather large ; tibice toithout spines, their spurs rather short. Male. Anteuna3 nearly as long as the body. Abdomen bilobed at the tip. Fern.. Antennae not more tliau half the length of the body. Abdomen attenuated at the tip. The larvse of this geuus dwell iii Boleti, fungi, putrescent galls, uud beneath the bark of felled trees, and at the decayed roots of vegetables. The larva of S. vitrijiennia is exactly like that of Mycetopjldla fusca, but does not sjnn a cocoon; the pupa diilers in having two divergent caudal setas, and its head is cleft in front. Synopsis of the species : — a. Eadial vein extending beyond the fork of the subapical. h. "VYings blackish. c. Sides of the abdomen luteous. Species 1. c c. Sides of the abdomen black. Species 2. h h. A\'ings grey. c. Legs piceous. Species 3. c c. Legs testaceous. Species 4, 5. b b. "Wings nearly linij)id. Species G. a a. lladial vein extending to the fork of the subapical. Species 7, 8. a a a. Radial vein not extending to the fork of the subapical. h. Halteres piceous or brown, c. Wings brown. Species 9. c c. AVings grey. Species 10. 6' c c. Wings limpid, or nearly so. d. Subapical and subanal veins dark. Species 11, 12. d d. Subapical and subanal veins whitish. Species 13, 14. b b. Halteres testaceous, with blackish knobs. Species 15, 16. b b b. Halteres testaceous or whitish. c. W^ings complete. d. Body black or brown. e. Suljapical and subanal veins blackish. Species 17. e e. Suba[)ical and subanal veins pale. /. Ijody rather slender. Species 18, 19. //. Body very slender. Species 20. d d. Body tawny. Species 21. 52 MYCETOPHILID^. d d d. Body testaceous. Species 23, 23. c c. Wings imperfect. Species 24. 1. Thorns, L. S.N. ii. 976 (1767); F.; Grael. ; Panz. ; Latr. ; Meig. ; Mcq. ; Gim. ; Staeg. ; Zett. ; Guer. — lateralis, Meg. ; Meig. Atra, antennis nigvis, abdominis lateribus luteo vittatis. Long. 3 ; alar. 6 lin. Deep black. Wings black ; radial vein extending beyond the fork of the subapical, and much beyond half the length of the wing. Ab- domen with a luteous stripe on each side. Common. Tor the habits of the larva^ see Gueriu (Ann. Soc. Eut. Fr. 2-"^ Ser. iv. Bull, viii.), and other authors. (E. S. I.) 2. Morio, E.E.S. iv. 275. 18 (1792); Meig.; Mcq.; Zett.; Gim.; Stfeg. — -forilega, Meig. Kl. — -forcipata, F. ; Gmel. Nigra, alis iiigri- cantibus, pedibus piceis. Long. 2 ; alar. 4 lin. Black. Wings blackish, darkest along the costa ; medial vein ending at much beyond the fork of the subapical, and much beyond half the length of the wing. Common. (E. S. I.) 3. fuscipes? Meig. Zw. i. 280. 5 (1818); Zett.; Gim.; Stseg. Nigra, alis cinercis, halteribus testaceis apice nigris, pedibus piceis, fe- rn oribus tibiiaque anticis testaceis. Long. \\ ; alar. 3 lin. Black. Wings dark grey ; radial vein extending beyond the fork of the subapical and much beyond half the length of the wing. Halteres testaceous, with blackish knobs. Legs piceous ; fore femora and fore tibiaj testaceous. Common. (E. S. I.) 4. brunnipes, Meig. Zw, i. 286. 25 (1818); Mcq.; Gim.; Rs. ; Zett. Picea, gracilis, capite antennisque nigris, tJiorace vittis tribus cinereis, alis cinereis, halteribus testaceis apice fuscescentibus, pedibus testaceis, tarsis nigricantibus. Long. 1|— 2 ; alar. 3-4 lin. Piceous, slender. Head and antennfe black, the latter slender, of moderate length. Thorax ivitJi three cinereous stripes. Wings grey ; veins blackish ; radial vein ending at very much beyond half the length of the wing, and a little beyond the fork of the subapical ; subapical and hinder veins distinct, the former pale before its fork. Halteres testaceous, with brownish tips. Legs testaceous, rather long; tibiae darker than the femora ; tarsi blackish. Generally distributed. (E. S. I.) 5. nitidicollis, Meg.; Meig. Zw. i. 281. 8 (1818); Mcq.; Zett.; StcEg. Nigra, Ihorace nitido, alis cinereis, halteribus testaceis apice ni- gris, pedibus testaceis, tarsis nigricantibus. Long. 1-1^ ; alar. 2-3 lin. Black. Thorax shinhuj. Wings grey ; veins blackish ; radial vein extending a little beyond half the length of the wing, and very little beyond the fork of the suba])ical. Halteres testaceous with black knobs. Legs testaceous ; trochanters and tarsi blackish. ]Mot common. (E.) SCIAKA. 53 0. caudata, Walk. C. D. B. M. i. 106 (1848). Nigi-a, nitciis, alis sublimpidis, halteribus pedibvisque testaceis, trochanteribus tarsisque nigricaiitibus ; Fosm. abdomiue longissimo. Long. 3 ; alar. 4 liu. Fern-. Black. Thorax shining. "VYings nearly limpid ; radial and cubital veins blackish, the others pale ; radial vein extending beyond half the length of the wing and a little beyond the fork of the sub- apical vein. Halteres and legs testaceous. Abdomen much elongated, about six times the length of the thorax. Trochanters and tarsi black- ish. Rare. lu the British Museum. (E.) 7. pallipes, F. E. S. iv. 248. 69 (1792); Meig. ; Gim. Nir/ra, alis sul>limpidis, venis nigricantibus, halteriljus pedibusque testaceis, trochanteribus tarsisque nigricantibus. Long, li-2 ; alar. 3-4 lin. Black. Wings nearly limpid ; veins blackish ; subapical vein pale before its flexure ; radial extending to the fork of the subapical, and much beyond the half of the length of the wing. Halteres and legs testaceous ; trochanters and tarsi blackish. Common. (E. I.) 8. hyalipennis, Meig. Zw. i. 285. 21 (1818); Gim.; Stfeg. ; Zett. Plcea, thorace vittis cinerels, alis sublimpidis, venis nigricanti- bus, halteribus pedibusque testaceis, tarsis nigricantibus. Long. 1 ; alar. 2 lin. Piceous. Thorax with ci}ie?'eo?(s stripes. Wings nearly limpid ; veins blackish ; subapical vein pale before its fork ; radial vein extending to the fork of the subapical, and beyond half the length of the wing. Halteres and legs testaceous ; tarsi blackish. ■ Common. (E. S. I.) 9. praecox, Meig. Zw. i. 279. 4 (1818); Mcq.; Stseg. ; Zett. Nigra, alis fuscis, venis nigris, halteiibus abdomine pedibusque piceis. Long. 11 ; alar. 3-1 lin. Black. Antenna3 rather short and stout. Wings brown ; veins black ; radial vein ending at beyond half the length and very little before the fork of the subapical ; subapical and subanal veins distinct. Halteres, abdomen and legs piceous. Legs rather stout. Common. (E. S. I.) 10. fuscipennis, Meig. Zw. i. 282. 11 (1818); Sta^g. ; Zett. Nigra, alis cinereis, venis nigris, halteribus pedibusque piceis. Long. 1 ; alar. 2Hin. Black. Antennte rather stout, pubescent. Wings grey ; veins black ; prajbrachial vein ending at about half the length of the wing, and a little before the fork of the subapical vein. HaUeres and legs piceous. Not common. (E.) 11. vitripeimis? Hoffm. ; Meig. Zw. i. 281. 9 (1818); :\[cq. ; Gim. Nigra, gracilis, mediocris, alis sublimpidis, veuis nigris, halteri- bus pedibusque fuscis, tarsis nigricantibus. Long. 1 ; alar. 2 liu. 54 MYCETOPHILID^. Black, slender, of moderate size. Wings nearly limpid ; radial and cubital veins black, the other veins blackish ; radial vein not extending to half the length of the wing, and not near to the fork of the subapical ; subapical pale before its fork, llalteres and legs brown ; tarsi blackish. Commou. (E. S. I.) 12. minima, Meig. Zw. i. 283. 14 (1818) ; Mcq. ; Gim. Nigra, viinima, alis sublimpidis, venis nigricantibus, pedibus fuscescentibus, tarsis uigris. Long. 1-i ; alar. 1 lin. Black, very sniall. Wings nearly limpid ; veins blackish ; radial vein not extending to half the length of the wing, nor to the fork of the subapical vein. Legs brownish ; tarsi black. Not common. (E.) 13. scatopsoides, Meig. Zw. i. 282. 13 (1818); Zett. Nigra, alis limpidis, vena radiall ad costcB medium terminata. Long. 1^^ ; alar. ^ lin. Black. Wings limpid ; radial and cubital veins black, the rest whitish; radial vein ending at about half the length of the wing and before the fork of the subapical. Not common. (E.) 14. fenestrata, Meig. Zw. i. 281. 10 (1818); Stteg. ; Zett. Ni- gra, alis sublimpidis, vena radiali costa medium non attingente, halteri- bus pedibusque piceis. Long. 1 ; alar. 2 lin. Black. Wings nearly limpid ; radial and cubital veins brown, the rest pale ; radial vein not extending to half the length of the wing, nor to the fork of the subapical. llalteres and legs piceous. Not rare. (E.) 15. fucata, Mcq.; Meig. Zw. i. 280. 6 (1818); Mcq.; Gim.; Staeg. ; Zett. Picea, thorace vittis cinereis, alis cinereis, venis uigris, Lalteribus testaccis apice nigricantibus, pedibus testaceis, tarsis uigris. Long, li ; alar. 3 lin. Ficeous. Thorax with greyish stripes. Wings grey ; veins black ; radial vein ending at a little before half the length of the wing, and much before the fork of the subapical vein. Halteres testaceous, with blackish knobs. Legs dull, testaceous ; tarsi black. Common. (E. S. I.) 16. pulicaria, Hoffm. ; Meig. Zw. i. 282. 12 (1818); Mcq.; Zett. ; Gim. ; Stajg. Nigra, alis sublimpidis, venis nigricantibus, hal- teribus testaccis apice nigricantibus, pedibus testaceis, tarsis nigrican- tibus. Long, f ; alar. 1^ lin. Black. Wings nearly limpid ; veins blackish ; subapical vein pale before its fork ; radial vein ending at a little before half the length of the wing, and much before the fork of the subapical vein, llalteres testaceous, with blackish knobs. Legs testaceous; tarsi blackish. Common; lias been reared from putrescent galls. (E. S. 1.) SCIARA. 17. longipes, Meig. Zw. i. 280. 21 (1818) ; Mcq. ; Gim. ; Stseg. ; Zett. Nigra, tliorace vittis cinereis, alis limpidis, venis nigricantilms, halteribus pedibusquc testaccis, abdomiiie picco, tarsis nigricantibus. Long. ^-1 ; alar. 1|— 2 lin. Elack. Aiitennro of the male nearly as long as the body. Thorax with indistinct cinereous stripes. Wings limpid; veins blackish ; radial vein ending at half the length of the wing, and a little before the fork of the subapical ; snbapical and hinder veins distinct, the former paler before its fork. Ilalteres and legs testaceous. Abdomen piceous. Tarsi blackish. Common. (E. S. I.) 18. aprilina, I^Ieig. Zw. i. 285. 22 (1818) ; Zett. ; Streg. Nigra, alis limpidis, halteribus pedibusque testaceis, tarsis fuscescentibus. Long. |— 1 ; alar. 1^-2 lin. Black. Wings limpid ; radial and cubital veins brownish, the others pale ; radial vein not extending to half the length of the wing, nor to the fork of the subapical. Halteres and legs testaceous ; tarsi brownish. Common. (E. S. I.) 19. pusilla, Meig. Zw. i. 28G. 23 (1818); Gim.; Stfeg. ; Zett. Nigra, alis limpidis, halteribus albidis, abdomine piceo, pedibus testaceis, tarsis fuscescentibus. Long |— 1 ; alar. 1^-2 lin. Black. Wings limpid ; radial and cubital veins brownish ; the other veins pale ; radial vein ending much before half the length of the wing, not extending near to the fork of the subapical. Halteres whitislt. Abdomen piceous. Legs testaceous ; tarsi brownish. Not rare. (E.) 20. gracilis. Walk. C. D. B. M. i. 109 (1848). Pusca, gracillima, capite uigro, alis sublimpidis, venis fuscescentibus, halteribus coxis fe- moribusque testaceis. Long, f-1 ; alar. 1^-2 lin. Brown, very slender. Head black. Antennfe very slender, a Little shorter than the body. Wings nearly limpid ; veins brownish ; radial vein less than half the length of the wing, not extending to the fork of the subapical vein, the latter and the hinder veins are indistinct. Hal- teres, coxfe, and femora testaceous. Frequents hothouses. (E.) 21. flavipes, Panz. Fn. iii. 15; Meig. (1818); Mcq.; Gim.: Stseg. ; Zett. Fulva, subtus testacea, antennis uigris, alis sublimpidis, halteribus pedibusque testaceis, abdomine supra piceo, tarsis nigrican- tibus. Long. 2 ; alar. 4 lin. Tawny, testaceous beneath. Palpi testaceous. Antennae black, tes- taceous at the base. Wings nearly limpid ; veins blackish ; subapical vein pale before its fork ; radial vein extending to half the length of the body, not to the fork of the subapical. Halteres testaceous. Ab- domen piceous above. Legs testaceous, rather long; tarsi blackish. Common. (E. S. I.) 56 MYCETOPHILTD.T.. 23. pallida, n, Testacea, sat gracilis, capite antennisque uigris, alls lirapidis, venis pallidis, tarsis nigricantibus. Long. \ ; alar. 1 lin. Testaceous, rather slender. Head and antennae black. Wings lim- pid ; veins pale ; radial vein mucli shorter than half the length of the wing, and not extending near to the fork of the subapical. Tarsi blackish. Rare. (E.) 23. compressa. Walk. C. D. B. M. i. 110 (1848). Testacea, gracillima, capite antennisque nigris, alis lirapidis, venis pallidis, tarsis fuscis; Fcem. abdomine elongato. Long, li; alar. 1\ lin. Testaceous, very slender. Head black. Autennfe black, as long as the thorax. Wings limpid ; veins pale ; radial rather less than half the length of the wing, not extending to the fork of the subapical. Abdomen thrice the length of the thorax. Tarsi brown. Eare. In the British Museum. (E.) 24. brevipennis. Walk. C. D. B. M. i. 110 (1848). Testacea, capite antennisque nigris, alis minimis, abdominis scgmentis nigro-fas- ciatis, tarsis fuscis. Long. -| ; alar, f lin. Testaceous. Head and antennae black. Wings very short and narrow. Hind borders of the abdominal segments blackish. Tarsi brown. Rare. In the British Museum^ and in the collection of Mr. Haliday. (E. I.) Genus XIII. EPIDAPUS. Epidapus, Haliday, Ins. Brit. Dipt. i. 7 (1851). CJuonea p., Hal. Curt. Guide, 1164, b. Thorax e supra visus quasi conicus, postice valde compressus. Ala et halteres nulla. Abdomen apud medium incrassatum, apicc attenuatum decurvum ; oviductus valvuUs duabus ordinariis linearibus obtusis pubescentibus liberis. Thorax much compressed behind, so as to seem conical from above. Wings and halteres wholly obsolete. Abdomen incrassated in the middle ; tip attenuated, decurved, furnished with the ordinary two linear obtuse pubescent and free valves of the ovipositor. 1. venaticus, Hal. Curt. Guide, 1164*. 1 (1837). Nigra, gracilis, pedibus testaceis. Long, f lin. Black, slender. Legs testaceous. Rare. Uolywood, near Belfast. In Mr. Ilaliday^s collec- tion. (I.) LESTREMIA. 57 Genus XI V_ ZYGONEURA. Zygoneura, Meig. Zw. vi. 30i (1830); Mcq. ; Zett. Coi-pus parvura. Caput parvum. Proboscis prominula. Labium bi- lobuin. Oculi reniformes. Ocelli tres, medins minimus, antepodius. Palpi triarticulati. AnteuncB \(S-articidut(e, moniliformes. Tliorax subellipticus. Ala immaculata3, verue. cubilalis et subaualis simplices, vena; subapicalis turcaj valdc arcuatre. Pedes non clongati; iihioi spinis et calcaribus nullis. Mas. Antennce verticillato-pilosce, articuUs petiolatis. Fcem. Antennas pubesceutes, articulis approximatis. Body small, black. Head small. Proboscis somewhat prominent. Labium bilobed. Eyes reniform. Ocelli three, the middle one in front, vei'y small. Palpi three-jointed, curved downward. Antennee sixteen- jointed, moniliform. Thorax nearly elliptical. Wings rather narrow, unspotted ; costal vein ending at the tip of the wing ; subcostal vein rudimentary ; radial vein not extending to one-third of the length of the wing ; cubital simple, ending near the tip ; fo^'ks of the subapical vein much curved, especially the fore one ; suhanal vein simple ; anal vein much curved downward. Halteres rather long. Abdomen moderately long. Let/s not long ; coxae rather large ; tibia: loith no spines nor spurs. Male. AntenncB verticillute-pHose ; joints p)etiolated. Fern. Antenna? pu- bescent ; joints sessile. This genus resembles Cecidomyia in the structure of its anten- nas ; in other characters it is nearly allied to Sciara. 1. sciarina, Wiuthem; Meig. Zw. vi. 305. 1 (1830) ; Mcq. ; Zett. Nigra, nitens, alis su1)limpidis, venis nigricantibus, halteribus pedibusque tcstaceis, tarsis nigricantibus. Long. 1 ; alar. 2 lin. BJack. Thorax shining. Wings nearly limpid ; veins blackish ; sub- apical vein pale before its fork. Halteres and legs testaceous ; tarsi blackish. Not common. (E. S.) Genus XV. LESTREMIA. Lestuemia, Mcq. D. N. (1825); Meig. Zw. vi. ; Loew ; Zett. Ti- pula p., F. E. S. Chironomus p., F. S. A. Sciara p., Meig. Zw. i. Diamesa, Meig. Zw. vi. in Tab. Corpus gracile. Oculi emarginati. Ocelli nulli. Palpi breves. A)i- tenncB gracilcs, IQ-articulata. Thorax subellipticus. Alee pubes- ceutes ; vena radialis brevis ; cubitalis et subaualis simplices ; subaj)i- calis furcata. Abdomen oblauceolatum. Pedes gracilcs, longiusculi, spinis calcuribusque nullis. Mas. Antennee nioniliformes, verticillalo- pilosee, sat longai. Fom. Antenna) submoniliforraes, piloss, breves. Body slender. Palpi short. Eyes emarginatc. Ocelli none. J). VOL. IV. I 58 M'SCETOPHILIDJ;. tennce slencler, Jifteen-jointed. Thorax nearly elliptical. Wings pubes- cent, moderately broad ; radial vein ending at one-third of the length of the wing, connected near its tip with the cubital by an oblique .transverse veinlet ; ciidlUil simple, ending at a little beyond three-fourths of the length ; subapical forked at some distance beyond the tip of the radial ; subanal simple ; anal distinct, curved towards the hind border. Abdomen oblauceolate. Kalteres rather long. Legs slender, rather long, without spines or spurs. Male. Antennce moniliform, verticillate- pilose, moderately long, sixteeu-jointed. Fem. Antenna; submoniliform, pilose, rather short, eleven-jointed. Abdomen longer than that of the male. This genus connects the Mj/cetophiUda with the following family, with which latter it agrees in the structure of its antenme and of its legs, but resembles Sciara in the veins of the wings. 1. leucophsea, Meig. Zw. i. 288. 31 (1818); Mcq. ; Zett.— >m«- periniis ? F. Capite antenniscpie nigris, alls limpidis, venis pallidis, halteribus pedibusquc testaceis ; Mas, fusca ; foem. testacea, thoracis disco cinereo-fusco. Long. 1-1^ ; alar. 2-3 lin. Head and antennre black. Wings limpid ; veins pale. Halteres and legs testaceous. Male. Body hrown. Fem. Body testaceous; disc of the thorax greyish-brown. Not rare. (E. S. I.) Mr. Ilaliday has observed that it appears earlier in the year than the following species, and occurs chieHy in groves of larches. 2. cinerea, Mcq. H. N. D. i. (1830); Zett. Nigro-cinerea, an- tennis nigris, alls cinereis, femoribus tibiisque obscure testaceis, tarsis nigris. Long. It ; alar. 3-i- lin. Blackish-grey. Antennae black. Wings grey. Femora and til)ice dingy testaceous ; tarsi black. "Not very rare. Near Cork in September and October. On grass both in open places and on the borders of groves.'" — Ha/. MSS. Genus XVL CECIDOGONA. Lestremia (Subgen. Cecidogona), Loew, Ent, Zeit. Stett. v. 32-i (1844). Coqous gracilc. Oculi emarginati. Ocelli mdli. Palpi breves. An- tenna graciles, 11-articulatrp. Thorax subellipticus. Ala pubes- centes; i?e?2a radialis brevis ; cuhitalis et subanalis simplices ; subapi- calis furcata. Abdomen oblanccohitnm. Pedes graciles, longiuscidi, spinis calcaribusqne nullis ; metatarsi clongati. Mas. Antenna) moniliformcs, vcrtieillato-pilosic, Foem. Antcnnir submduiliformc?, pilosa?, breves. CATOCHA. 59 Body sleiider. Eyes cmarp;inate. Ocelli none. Palpi short. An- tenna slender, eleven-joinled. Thorax nearly elliptical. Wings pubes- cent ; subcostal vein joining the costa at about four-fifths of the length of the wing; radial short; cubital simple ; subapical forked much be- yond the middle of the wing; subanal simj)le ; anal complete. Abdo- men oblanceolate. Legs slender, rather long, tvith no spines or spurs ; metatarsi very long. Male. Jntennce moniUform, verticillate-pilose. Fern. Antennae submoniliform, pilose, short. 1. carnea, Loew, Eat. Zeit. Stett. v. 32 !• (1844). Carnea, thorace superuc articulisqno tiagelli antennaruni fuseis, abdominis maculis qua- dratis pedibusque fuscescentibus. Long. 1 ; alar. 2 lin. Brown. Antennfe black. Wings nearly limpid ; veins pale, black towards the costa. Haltercs whitish. Legs testaceous; tarsi brown. Fern. Abdomen testaceous beneath; incisures testaceous. Rare. Not local. (E. S. I.) Genus XVIL CATOCHA. Catocha, Hal. E. M. i. 1.56 (1833). Macrostyla, Winn. Lestremia p., Zett. Mas et Foem. Caput parvum, subrotunduni. Frons lata. Oculi ro- tund!. Ocelli ires, frontales, inaquales, in trianguliun dispositi. An- tennre porrectoe, moniliformes ; articulus primus cyathiformis ; se- cundus cupuliformis ; tertius et sequentcs discreti. Thorax ovatus, convexus. Scutellum magnum, semiluuatum. Alrp lata% ol)tus8e, ])ubescentes, incumbentes, margine postico sat late ciliato ; veyia cn- hitalis et suhunalis simplices. Halteres magni. Abdomen segmentis 8, gracile, cylindricum, apice acuminatum. Fedes longi, pubescentes, spinis et calcaribus nullis. Mas. Antennae IQ-ariiculatce, articulis globosis remotis pilosis. Ffem. Antenna; breviores, 10-articulata, articulis ovatis. Fetn. Head small, nearly round. Front broad. Eyes lunate, nearly meeting above. Ocelli t/iree, on the front, of unequal size, the middle one small, in advance uf the others. Anteun;e porrect, niouiliform ; first and second joints cyathiform ; third and tenth elongate, oval; the rest oval. Thorax oval, convex. Scutellum large, semilunate. Tf'ings broad, obtuse, pubescent, with a rather broad fringe on the hind border; subcostal vein ending at about half the length of the wing ; cubital simple, ending at hardly in front of the tip, springing near the base of the wing from an angle formed by two oblique veinlets ; subapical forked near its tip, its fore fork ending at very little behind the tip of the wing ; subanal and anal veins extending to the border ; subanal simple. Halteres large. Abdomen with eight segments, slender, cylindrical, acuminated at the tip. Legs long, pubescent, with no spurs or spines. Male. Antenna 60 MYCETOPHILID.^:. sixteen-jointed, verticillate-pilose, about as long as the wings ; first and second joints contignous, the rest disjoined by a petiole formed by the constricted apex of the joints (the last excepted). Palpi pendulous, not so long as the fore coxse, with three joints appearing externally, which are oblong-ovate, the last a little longer than the preceding. Abdomen with seveu segments, and a forceps, the arms of which are thick, two-jointed ; the second joint not unguiculate, but slightly toothed. Fern. Antenna shorter, ten-jointed ; third and tenth joints elongate-oval ; fourth and following joints oval. 1. latipes, Hal. E. M. i. 1.56 (1833) ; Winn. Mas et Fcem. Ni- gra, antennis pallide fusco-flavis, basi nigris, thorace nitido, alis hya- linis, halteribus fuscis, abdomine sordide fusco-flavo, incisuris nigri- cantibus, pedibus pallide fusco-flavis ; Frem. tarsorum articulis tertio, quarto, ct qninto dilatatis. Long. 1 ; alar. 2 lin. Male and Fein. Black, pubescent.' Antennas pale brownish-yellow, black at the base. Thorax shining. Wings limpid. Halteres brown. Abdomen dingy, brownish-yellow ; sutures black. Legs pale Ijrownish- yellow. Fem. Third, fourth, and fifth joints of the tarsi dilated. In the recent insect the body is bluish-black, a little rufescent under the wings. Hare, In the collection of Mr. Haliday. (I.) 2. brevinervis? Zett. D. S. x. 3770. 3 (1851). Obscure rufes- cens, antennis nigricantibus thorace brevioribus, abdomine pallide rufo, pedibus pallidis. Long. --; alai'. 1^ lin. Dusky reddish. Abdomen brighter. Antenna; blackish, shorter than the thorax. Legs pale. Mr. Haliday has forwarded to me this description of a speci- men (since lost), which he supposes to be identical with the above species. Cork. (I.) Genus XVIII. ANARETE. Anauete, Hal. E. M. i. 156 (1853). Lestremia p., Meig. Sciara p., Zett. Oculi emarginati. Ocelli tres. Antennae breves, 'd-nrticulata, articulis duobus baseos majoribus. Alfc incumbentes, nudfc ; vena costtr. medifc inserta. Tibin? ecTtlcaratte . Eyes emarginate. Ocelli three. Antennae short, with nine joints ; first and second joints thicker than the following. Wings incumbent, bare ; subcostal vein half the length of the wing ; cubital and subanal simple. Tibire without sjnirs. 1. candidata, Hal. E. M. i. 156 (1833). — nlbipennis, Meig. — rnracina, Zett. Atra, alis niveis, pedilms pallidis, tibiis tarsisqne pos- ticis albis. Long. 1 ; alar. 2 lin. CAMPYLOMYZA. 61 Glossy black, nearly as large as Ledremia leucojjhrEa, from which it differs princii)ally by the antennae ; the wings are alike in ncuration. Wings pure white ; veins colourless, except the two subcostal, which are rosy iu newly-disclosed specimens. Legs pale, much longer in the male than in the female ; hind tibise and tarsi white. Rare. (E. I.) Genus XIX. CAMPYLOMYZA. CAMPYLOMYZA, Wicd. ; Meig. Zw. i. 101 (1818); Mcq.; Westw. ; Stteg. Ctcidomyla p., Meig. Kl. Zw. Campylomyia, Zett. Forri- comJyla ? Rondani. Corpus oblongum, parvum aut minimum, plcrumquc nigrum. Caput parvum. Oculi remoti. Ocelli tres. Proboscis brevis, areuata. Palpi parvi, porrecti, arcuati. Antennae 11-20-articulata?, monili- formcs, porrecta). Thorax ovatus. Al?e mediocriter longac, sat latiT? ; vena costalis cum cubitali ad ala> apiccm terrainata ; medias- tinalis obsoleta ; subcostalis ala; dimidio paullo brevior ; venula ob- liqua transversa subcostalem et cubitalem connectens ; vena subapi- calis fere obsoleta ; subanalis distincta, analis angulata aut subobso- lete furcata. Halteres parvi. Abdomen segmeutis 8. Pedes sat graciles, non elongati; metatarsus elongatus. Mas. Antennas mo- niliformes, corporis longitudine ; articuli globosi, remoti, pilosi. Abdomen lineare. Teem, Anteimai submoniliformes, corpore multo breWores ; articuli approximati, pubescentes. Abdomen lanceola- tnm, valvulis duabus apicalibus. Body oblong, small, or very minute, generally black. Head small, sessile. Eyes remote. Ocelli three. Proboscis eiSrved. Palpi small, porrect, curved. Antennfe eleven- to twenty-jointed, moniliform, por- rect. Thorace oval. Wings moderately long, rather broad ; cidjital vein ending at the tip of the wing ; mediastinal ol)solete ; subcostal less than half the length of the wing, connected near its tip with the cubi- tal by an oblique transverse vcinlet ; cubital nearly straight, ending at the tip of the costal ; subapical almost obsolete ; subanal distinct, nearly straight ; anal forming with its second l)ranch a slightly obtuse angle, its first branch nearly obsolete, contiguous to the anal vein. Halteres rather short. Abdomen with eight segments. Legs of mo- derate length and thickness ; joints of the tarsi from the first to the fourth successively decreasing in length. M(de. Antenna} moniliform, as long as the body ; joints globose, remote, pilose. Abdomen linear. Fern. Antenna^ submoniliform, much shorter than the body ; joints ap- pro.ximate, pubescent. Abdomen lanceolate, with two apical valves. The CampyloniyzcB abound in hedges and woods, and arc not uncommon on windows. In their habits they are allied to the Sciarat, as well as to the Cecidomyice. vxOX^' 63 MYCETOPIIlLID.i:. , a. Wings grey. Species 1. a a. Wings nearly limpid. b. Veins blackish. Species 2, 3. b b. Veins pale testaceous. Species 4. a a a. Wings vvliite-byaline. Species 5. 1. atra, Meig. KI. Zw. i. 40. 4 (1803); Stceg. ; Zett. Nigra, alls cinereis nigro-pubescentibus, haUerihus abdowine pedibusqtie piceis. Long. 1-2 ; alar. 3-4 lin. Black. Wimjs grey, with black pubescence ; veins black ; subcostal vein between the transverse veinlet and its tip rather more than twice the length of the subcostal vein. Hulteres, abdomen, and legs piceons. Not rare. (E. S. I.) 2. flavipes, Meig. Zw. i. 102. 1 (1818).— pallljjes ? Zett. Nigra, alis suhUm2)ldis, venis nigricantihas, halteribus pedibusque testaceis. Long, f-1 ; alar. 2-2-|- lin. Black. Wings nearly limpid ; veins blackish; subcostal vein between the transverse veinlet and its tip about thrice the length of the transverse veinlet. Ilalteres and legs testaceous. Generally distributed. (E, S. I.) 3. bicolor, Wied. MSS. ; Meig. Zw. i. 102. 2 (1818); Mcq. ; Stseg. ; Zett. Nigra, alis sublimpidis, venis nigricantibus, haUerihus ab- dominis suturis pedibusque pallide testaceis, ahdomine piceo. Long. \-\ ; alar. 1-li lin. Black. Wings nearly limpid ; veins blackish ; subcostal vein between the transverse veinlet and its tip about four times the length of the transvei'se veinlet. Ilalteres, sutures of the abdomen and legs, pale tes- taceous. Abdomen piceous. Generally distributed. (E. S. I.) 4. Aceris, Meig. Zw. i. 102. 4 (1818) ; Mcq.; Sta^g.; Zett. Nigra, alis limpidis, venis, halteribus pedibusque pallide testaceis. Long. ^-^ ; alar. -|^— | lin. Black. livings liuipid ; veins, halteres, and legs pale testaceous. , (>. Not rare. (E.) 5. globifera, Hal. MSS. "Atra, opaca, (dis alhis, halteribus et pedibus fusco-flavidis, antennis 11-articulatis ; ilfrt.s, antennarum arti- culo secundo maximo subgloboso, flagcllo apice attenuato. Long, (^f, ?|; alar. 1| lin. " Deep black, not glossy. Antenna; scarcely as long as the thorax, eleven-jointed, fuscous ; first two joints black. In the male the second joint is very large, obhite-globose ; the interioi- joints of the flagellura subglobose, beset with a few long hairs, the exterior joints much more sleiuler, so that the antenna; might be tiescribed as moniliforni-seta- ceous. In the female the joints of the flagellum arc subovate-globose, but faintly pubescent, of nearly equal thickness (moniliform-linear). DITOMYIA. 63 Wings wliite-hyaline, the costnl and two anterior veins light brown, the posterior veins colourless ; the oblique transverse veinlet is about as lon<^' as the apical portion of the first vein, which it intersects. Hal- tercs and legs diugv yellowish. Abdomen long; the posterior segments in the female not so much attenuated as usual ; the eighth and ninth bwgely exserteil, dingy yellow ; the terminal tentacles more dusky, two- jointed ; the second joint smaller, orbiculate ; beneath tliera a compressed obtuse process nearly as long. The forceps of the male unguiculate." -llal. MSS. Oil short grass at'Ilolywood, etc. In Mr. Ilaliday's collec- tion. (I.) Genus XX. DITOMYIA. DiTOMYiA, Winnertz, Ent. Zeit. Stett. vii. 14 (1846) ; Kuthe. Myce- tobia p., Meig. ; Stseg. ; Mcq. Sijimnerus, Walk. Corpus elongatura, gracile. Caput parvimi. Oculi rotundi, hemi- sphfierici. Ocelli tres ; intermedins parvus, non antepositus. Palpi i)iartieulati ; articulus primus crassus, ovatus ; secundus oblongus. Antenna} 17-articidat3e, compressie ; articuUis primus cyathiformis ; secundus transversus; sequeutes ovato-cyliudriei. Thorax ovatus. Ala pilosa, mediocriter latse ; vena cubilaUs fiircala. Halteres bre- ves. Abdomen segmentis 7. Pedes longi, graeiles, tibia spinis mi- nimis, calcaria mediocria. Mas. Abdomen lineare. F(£m. Abdomen apieem versus subcUlatatum. Body long, slender. Head small. Eyes round. Ocelli three, the middle one small, in a straight line with the others. Palpi with two joints ; the first thick, oval ; the second oblong. AntenuiE scventeen- jointed, compressed ; first joint cyathiform ; second transverse ; the following ovate-cylindrical, Thorax oval. TVhujs pilose, moderately broad; subcostal vein rudimentary ; radial ending at about four-fifths of the length; cubital forked before the end of the radial, its fore fork rather long, ending at some distance beyond the radial ; hind fork end- ing at the tip of the wing; subapical emerging from the cubital at be- fore the connection of the latter with the radial, forked at a little before one-third of its length ; cxterno-mcdial nearer to the subapical than to the subanal, which is curved hiiulward ; anal extending to the border. Halteres rather short. Abdomen long, slightly compressed. Legs long ; tibia icilh very minute spines, armed at the tips with moderately long sptirs. Male. Abdomen linear. Fem. Abdomen slightly wid(;ncd towards the tip. This genus is nearly allied to Vlatjjura ; the larvse feed on Boleti. I. fasciata, Meig. Zw. i. 230. 2 (1818). Flava, antcnnis fuscis basi ilavis, thorace vittis tribus fuscis, alis suljcinereis faiciis dual/us 64 MYCETOPHILID.E. hyalinis, abdomine nigro-fusco, incisuris apiceque flavis^ t arsis fuscis. Long. 2 ; alar. 4 lin. Yellow. Aiitennse brown, yellow at the base ; as long as the thorax. Tliorax with three brown stripes, the lateral pair shortened in front. Wings greyisli, with two liy aline hands. Abdomen blackish -brown ; sutures and tip yellow. Tarsi brown. Rare. " Inhabits decaying stumps bearing Boleti in copses.''' —Meig. In the collection of Mr. Clifton. (E.) 2. ferruginea. Walk. C. D. B. M. i. 88 (1848). :Fulva, antenuis abdominlsque fasciis fuscis, alis subcinereis, pedibus testaceis. Long. 4 ; alar. 7 lin. Pale tawny. Antennae brown, testaceous towards the base. Wings slightly greyish. Abdomen with a broad brown band on the hind bor- der of each segment. Legs testaceous ; femora paler than the tibiaj. Rare. In the British Museum. (E.) 8. vittata, n. Teslacea, antennis, thoracis fasciis tribus, abdominis vitta dorsali tarsisque fuscis, alis subcinereis. Long. %\ ; alar. 5 lin. Testaceous. Antenna; brown, testaceous at the base. Thorax with three brown stripes, the middle one in advance of the others, broadest in front. Wings very slightly greyish. Abdomen with a brown dorsal stripe. Tarsi brown. Rare. (E.) Genus XXL PLATYURA. Platyura, Meig. Zw. i. 231 (1818) ; Curt. ; Mcq. ; Zett. Ceroplatus^., F. ; Latr. Rltagio p., E. Sciara p., F. Asindulmu p., Latr. Cero- platiis p., Zett. Corpus angustmn, longum. Caput parvum. Proboscis brevis. Oculi rotundi. Ocelli tres, intermedius minimus. Palpi 4-articulati ; articulus quartus longus, linearis. Anlennce 17-articulata3, breves, validce. Thorax brevis, subcllipticus. Ala niidce, mediocriter lata? ; vena ciibitalis f areata, llaltcres breves. Abdomen deprcssum, tho- race triplo longius. Pedes graciles, longiusculi ; tihice non spinosce ; calcaria breviu. Body narrow, long. Head small. Proboscis short. Eyes round. Ocelli three, the middle one very small. Palpi four-jointed ; first joint small ; second robust ; third large ; fourth long, linear. Anlennce short, stout, seventeen-jointed, less than half the length of the body ; joints transverse. Thorax short, nearly elliptical. Wings bare, moderately broad ; subcostal vein slightly curved forward towards its tip, ending at very little beyond one-third of the length of the wing ; radial straight, ending at a little before two-thirds of the length ; cubital forked, con- nected with the radial at Ijcfore one-third of the length, when it forms PLATYURA. 65 a curve near its junction with the prsebrachijil transverse, and is very slightly curved from thence to its end, which is very little in front of the tip of the wing ; its fore fork is more or less oblique ; subapical emerging from the cubital at half the length of the ■wing, forked at one- third of its length from thence to its end, its fore fork ending at very little behind the tip of the wing ; subanal forked at one-third of the length of the wing, its hind foi'k curved liindward, and diverging much from the fore one ; anal extending to the hind border ; subaxillary not reaching the hind border ; humeral veinlet near the base ; areolcts thir- teen, — the humeral, the radical, the subcostal, the radial, the probrachial, which is united to the pobrachial and shortened tovv'ards the tip, the two cubital, three externo-medial, the anal, the axillary, and the sub- axillary. Posterior margin forming a slight and very acute angle at twice the length of the humeral areolet from the l)ase. Halteres short. Abdomen somewhat depressed, about thrice longer than the thorax. Legs rather long and slender ; tih'ns without spines, ilieir spurs short. Male. Abdomen nearly linear and cylindrical. Tera. Abdomen elongate- obclavate or subfusiform. These flies are similar to the Mj/cetophilce in their habits ; most of the species inhabit woods, and their larvae feed on fungi. The species may be grouped thus : — a. Fork of the cubital vein joining the radial. Species 1. a a. Eork of the cubital vein joining the costal. b. Fork of the cubital vein rather long. c. Fork of the cubital vein curved. Species 2-4. c c. Fork of the cubital vein straight. Species .5, 6. b b. Fork of the cubital vein short. c. Wings spotted. Species 7-10. c c. Wings not spotted. Species 11-14. 1. marginata, Meig. Zw. i. 232. 1 (1818); Mcq. Nigra, palpis pedibusque testaceis, alls subcinereis macula disculi marginibusque ob- scurioribus, halteribus tibiisque fulvis, tarsis fuscis ; Fceni. abdominis fasciis ferrugineis. Long. 3-0—4 ; alar. 5i-6 lin. Black, shining. Palpi tawny. Antennae a little longer than the thorax. Wings greyish, clouded with grey towards the tips and along the hind border, and with a slight brownish s|)ot at the base of the subapical vein. Halteres tawny. Abdomen long. Legs testaceous ; tibia; tawny; tarsi brown. Fem. Wings with the discal brownish spot almost obsolete. Fore borders of the abdominal segments ferruginous. Not common. (E.) 3. atrata, F. S. A. 16. 3 (1805); Meig.; Mcq. Nigra, alis cine- reis macula aulicu siihupicalifusca, halteribus testaceis, femoribus tibiisque obscure testaceis, illis basi nigris. Long. 3 ; alar. 5 Hn. Blacli, shining. . Antenna) stout, a little shorter than the thorax. Wings grey, with a disused subapical brown spot in front. Halteres VOL. IV. K 66 MYCETOPHILIDiE. testaceous. Legs dingy testaceous. Coxae and femora black towards the base ; tibite darker than the femora ; tarsi black. Eare. (E.) 3. mycetophiloides. Hardy, MSS. Testacea, vertice, antennis, thoracis disco abdominiscjue dorso nigris, aJis siihcinereis, abdoraine fasciis testaceis, tarsis nigricantibus. Long. 3 ; alar. 5 lin. Testaceous. Antennae black, slender, as long as the thorax, testa- ceous at the base. Disc of the thorax black. TF'mgs greyish. Halteres with tawny knobs. Legs testaceous ; tarsi blackish. Abdomen black above, intermediate part with some testaceous bands. Not common. (E. S.) 4. nigriceps, n. Lutea, capite antennisque nigris, alls siihcinereis apice paullo ohscuriorihis, abdomine nonnunquam vitta tenui nigra, tarsis nigricantibus. Long. 3-3 ; alar. 4-6 lin. Fale luteoiis. Head and antennfe black, the latter rather slender, shorter than the thorax. Wings slightly greyish, with a grey apical streak along the cubital vein. Abdomen occasionally with a slender black dorsal stripe. Tarsi blackish. Not rare. (E.) 5. laticornis, Meig. ! Zw. i. 238. 13. pi. 8. f. 19 (1818) ; Stseg. Testacea, vertice, antennis abdomineque piceis, thorace vittis tribus fer- rugineis, alis subcinereis macula subcostali (tpicibusque fuscis, halteribus apice trochanteribus tarsisque fuscis. Long. 5 ; alar. 8 lin. Testaceous. Yertex of the head and antennfe piceous, the latter tes- taceous at the base. Thorax toith three broad ferruginous stripes ; meta- thorax with a large ferruginous spot. TFings slightly greyish, with a brown spot near the costa at a little beyond the middle, and with brown tips. Halteres with brown knobs. Abdomen piceous. Femora pale testaceous ; tibial darker ; trochanters and tarsi brown. Eare. In the British Museum. (E.) Zetterstedt supposes it to be the male of P. lineata. G. vitripennis, Steph. MSS. Nigra, cano-tomentosa, palpis ful- vis, alis siiblimpidis, halteribus testaceis apice nigricantibus, pedibus testaceis, tarsis fuscis. Long. 3|; alar. 5 lin. Black, shining, slightly covered with hoary tomentum. Palpi tawny. Antenna; hardly so long as the thorax. TFings nearly limpid. Halteres testaceous, with blackish knobs. Legs testaceous ; tibia; darker than the femora ; tarsi brown. Not common. (E. L) 7. lineata, F. Sp. Ins. ii. 420. 4 (1781); Meig.; 'Mi.— striata, Gmel. Fulm, vertice antennisque piceis, palpis testaceis, thorace non- nunquam fusco-trivittato, alls subcinereis fascia interrupta apicibusque fuscis, halteribus testaceis apice fuscis, abdomine fusco nonnunquam fasciis testaceis, pedibus testaceis, tarsis fusccscentibus. Long. 4 ; alar. lin. PLATYURA. 67 Tawny. Head about the vertex and antennae piccous, the latter broad, testaceous at the base. Palpi testaceous. Wings sliglMy (jrey- ish, %oitli two Lroivn bands, the first at half the length, darkest in front, interrupted in the middle, the second apical, lialteres testaceous, with brown knobs. Abdomen brown. Legs testaceous ; tarsi brownish. Yar. /?. Thorax with three brown stripes. Tore borders of the ab- dominal segments testaceous. Eare. In the British Museum. (E.) 8. autica) n. Nigra, thoracis lateribus anticis halteribus, coxis fe- moribusque ferrugiueis, alis cinereis, fascia suhaincali nigricante. Long. 3 ; alar. 5 lin. Black. Thorax feiTuginous on each side in front. Wings grey, with a blackish subapical band. lialteres, coxa), and femora ferruginous. Rare. (E.) 9. fasciata, Latr, G. C. iv. 361 (1810); Meig. ; Mcq. ; Zett. ; Gim.; Stseg.; Zett. — ruficollis, Meig. — ochracea, IMeig. Fulva, anten- nis tarsisque fuscis, alis subtestaceis fascia suhapicali cinerea, abdomine fasciis apiceque nigris, pedibus testaceis. Long. 2|-3 ; alar. 5-6 lin. Tawtiy. Autenna3 brown, rather slender, shorter than the thorax, tawny at the base. Wings sUghtly testaceous, with a grey subapical band, lohich is indistinct or obsolete toivards the hind border. Abdomen with a black band on the fore border of each segment ; tip black. Legs testaceous ; tarsi brown. Not rare. (E.) 10. flavipes, Meig. Zw. i. 237. 9 (1818) ; Mcq. ; Curt. ! B. E. 131 ; Guer. ; Staeg. ; Zett. — nemoralis, Meig. Nigra, palpis, halteribus, ab- dominis fasciis pedibusque testaceis, alis subcinereis apice cinereis, tarsis fuscescentibus. Long, li-3; alar. 2|— 3| lin. Black, shining. Palpi testaceous. Antenua3 rather slender, not longer than the thorax. Wings very slightly greyish, tcith grey tips. Halteres testaceous. Hind borders of the abdominal segments more or less testaceous. Legs testaceous ; tarsi brownish. Generally distributed. (E. S. L) 11. unicolor, n. Nigra, alis fuscis basi pallidioribus, pedibus fer- rugiueis, tarsis nigricantibus. Long. 3 ; alar. 5 lin. Black. Wings brown, paler in the disc totcards the base ; veins black, ferruginous at the base. Legs ferruginous ; tarsi blackish. Rare. In the British ]\luseum. (E.) 12. servula, Walk. E. M. iv. 115 (1837). Ferruginea, vertice, an- tennis, abdomine tarsisque piceis, alis subcinereis, halteribus testaceis apice piceis, pedibus testaceis. Long. 2 ; alar. 4 lin. Ferruginous. Vertex, antennse, and abdomen piceous. "VYings grevish ; branch of the cubital vein very short. Halteres testaceous, with piceous knobs. Legs testaceous ; tarsi piceous. Rare. In the British ]\Iuseum. (E.) 68 MYCETOPHILID.E. 13. discoloria, Meig. Zw. i. 239. 14. (1818); Mcq. — discolor, Wahlb. ; Zett. Fulva, subtus testacea, palpis, lialteribus pedibusque testaceis, antennis nigris, alls siibtestaceis, abdomine fasciis fuscesceuU- bus. Ijong. l-|-2 ; alar. 2-4 lin. Tawni/, testaceous beneath. Palpi testaceous. Antennse black, rather slender, shorter than the thorax. Wings with a very slight testaceous tinge. Halteres testaceous. Fore borders of the abdominal segments more or less broicnish. Legs testaceous ; tarsi brownish. Generally distributed. Frecj^uents the lime-tree. (E. S. I.) 14. concisa, n. Nigra, palpis, halteribus, abdominis fasciis pcdi- busque testaceis, pectore thoracisque lateribus piceis, alis subcinereis, tarsis fuscescentibus. Long. 3 ; alar. 4 lin. Black. Palpi testaceous. Antennae testaceous at the base. Pectus and sides of the thorax piceous. TFings greyish. Halteres testaceous. Hind borders of the abdominal segments testaceous. Legs testaceous ; tarsi brownish. Eare. (E.) Genus XXII. MACROCEIRA. Macrocera, Meig. Zw. i. 322 (1818); Curt.; Mcq. ; Zett. Corpus gracile, subliueare, longum, pubescens. Caput parvum. Oculi rotundi. Ocelli 3, intermedius parvus, ante positus. Palpi 4-articu- lati, breves, subincurvi. Antennce 16-articulata3, gracillima, corpore (Equates aid trvplo longiores. Thorax brevis, ellipticus. AIcb latius- culfE ; vena cubitalis f areata. Halteres breves. Abdomen lineare aut sublineare, thorace triplo aut quadruplo longius. Pedes longi, graciles ; tibice non sj)inos(£, calcaribus minimis. Mas. Auteuna3 lon- giores, apice pilosce. Foevi. Antennae breviores. Body slender, pubescent, nearly linear. Head small. Eyes round. Ocelli three, the middle one very small, in advance of the others. Labium forming two large pubescent lobes. Palpi four-jointed ; first joints longer than the second, or than the third ; fourth as long as the first. AntenncB sixteen-jointed, very slender, as long as the body, or thrice its length. Thorax short, elliptical. Wings moderately broad ; subcostal vein slightly curved forward at its tip, ending at much before half the length of the wing ; radial curved upwards at its tip, ending at a little beyond half the length ; cubital forked, springing from the radial at before one-third of the length, near which it forms a very obtuse jmgle at its junction with the transverse veinlct enclosing the praibra- cliial and pobracln'al areolets, and is slightly curved from thence to its end, which is at very little in front of the tip of the wing; its fore fork is oblique, and ends at a little beyond two-thirds of the length of the wing; subapical emerging from the cubital at belbre half the length, near which it is forked, and its lore fork ends at the tip of the wing; MACROCEKA. 69 siibanal forked at ouotliircl of the length, its hind fork curved hindvvard, and diverging very much from the fore one ; anal extending to the bind border; subaxillary none; humeral veinlet very near the base; areolets thirteen, — the humeral, the radical, the subcostal, the radial, the praebrachial, which is united to the pobi'achial and shortened towards the tip, two cubital, three externo-medial, the subapical, the anal, and the axillary. Posterior margin forming a very slight nearly right angle, at more than thrice the length of the humeral areolet from the base. Halteres short. Abdomen linear, or nearly linear, thrice or four times the length of the body. Legs long, slender ; tihice tvithout spurs; their spurs verg small. Male. Antennae longer than of the female, pilose at the tips. Abdomen cylindrical. Fem. Antennee shorter. Ab- domen elongate, fusiform. The Mucrocercc are the most elegant of all the flies of this family of Dryads, They inhabit woods, are especially fond of the shade, and may be often found resting on palings, with their long antennae extended. Synopsis of the species : — a. Antennee twice or thrice the length of the body. h. ^Vings unspotted. c. Thorax striped. Species 1. c c. Thorax not striped. Species 2. h b. Wings spotted. c. Tips of the wings not clouded. (/. Thorax not striped. Species 3. d d. Thorax striped. Species 4. c c. Tips of the wings clouded. d. Wings striped between the tip of the radial vein and the fork of the cubital vein. Species 5. d d. AYings striped before the tip of the radial vein. Species 6. a a. Antenna; not longer than the body. Species 7. 1. vittata, Meig. Zw. vi. 293. 7 (1830); 7.Q.ii.—dorsalis, Curt. Fulva, subtus testacea, palpis, halteribus pedibusque testaceis, antcnnis nigricantibus basi fulvis, thorace fcrrugineo-trivittato, alls subtestaceis, abdoraine vitta dorsali nigra, tarsis fuscis. Long. 3-4 ; alar. 6-8 lin. Tawny, testaceous beneath. Palpi testaceous. Antenna; blackish, tawny at the base. Thorax with three ferruginous stripes, the lateral pair short. Wings with a very sligiit testaceous tinge. Halteres tes- taceous. Abdomen with a black dorsal stripe. Legs pale testaceous; tibife rather darker than the femora ; tarsi brown. Not rare. (E.) 2. lutea, Panz. Faun. Germ. cv. 7; Meig. Zw. i. 223. 1 (1818); Curt.; Mcc[.; Zett.; Gim.; Sta;g. Testacea, antcnnis tarsiscpic fusces- centibus, iUis basi testaceis, alls subcinereis ; Mas, abdominis apice fuscesccnte. Long 2-3 ; alar. 4-6 lin. — Yar. Abilomen fuscesceiis, fasciis testaceis. 70 MYCETOPHILIDiE. Testaceous. Antennae brownish, testaceous towards the base. Wings very slightly greyish. Tarsi brownish. Male. Abdomen brownish at the tip. — Var. Abdomen brownish ; hind borders of the segments tes- taceous. Not rare. (E. S. I.) 3. stigma, Curt. ! B. E. 657. 6 (1837). Testacea, antenuis tar- sisque fuscescentibus, alis subcinereis gutta discali strigisque fusces- ceutibus. Long. 3-4 ; alar. 6-8 lin. Testaceous. Antennae brownish, testaceous towards the base. Wings slightly greyish, with a brownish dot at the tip of the radial vein, and with an indistinct pale brownish streak on each areolet. Ab- domen and legs pubescent; tarsi brownish. Not rare. (E.) 4. centralis, Meig. Zw. i. 225. 5 (1818); Curt.; Stccg. ; Zett. Testacea, antenuis tarsisque fuscis, illis basi testaceis, thorace fusco- trivittato, alis subcinereis basim versus subnebulosis fasciaque media fusca, abdominis fasciis nigris. Long. 3 ; alar. 6 lin. Testaceous. Antennae brown, testaceous at the base. Thorax with three brown stripes. Wings very slightly greyish, almost limpid in the basal half, slightly clouded with brown in the disc at one-third of tlie length, and in the middle with a pale Ijrown baud, which does not extend to the hind border. Abdomen with a black band on the fore border of each segment. Tarsi brown. Not rare. (E.) 5. angulata, Meig. Zw. i. 224. 4 (1818) ; Mcq. D. ; Curt. ; Staig. ; Zett. — viitata, Mcq. D. N. Testacea, antenuis tarsisque fuscis, illis basi testaceis, alis subcinereis, basi fusco variis, fascia media apicibusque cinereis, abdominis fasciis apiceque nigris. Long. 2-3; alar. 4-6 lin. Testaceous. Antennae brown, testaceous towards the base. Wings sliglitly greyish, clouded with brown here and there towards the base, and beyond the middle with a grey band which extends to the hind border, and is brown towards the costa ; tips grey. Abdomen with a black band on the hind border of each segment; tip black. Tarsi brown. Not rare. (E.) 6. phalerata, Hoffm. ; Meig. Zw. i. 223. 3 (1818) ; Curt. ; Gira. ; Sticg. ; Zett. — lon(/ico7'nis, F. — macidata? Hoffm.; Meig.; Zett. Tes- tacea, antenuis fuscis basi testaceis, alis sublimpidis, basi disco costa api- cibusque maculatis, tarsis fuscescentibus. Long. 2-2^ ; alar. 4-5 lin. Testaceous. Antenure brown, testaceous towards the base. Wings nearly limpid, clouded with })ale brown at the base, in the middle with a brownish band, which docs not extend to the hind border, with a brownish costal spot beyond the middle, and with grey tips. Tarsi brownish. Not rare. (E. 1.) BOLITOPHILA. 71 7. fasciata, Meig. Zw. i, 223. 2 (1818) ; Curt. ; Mcq. ; Gim. ; Zett. — multlc'mda, Curt. — nana, Mcq. — pimlla, IMeig. Testacea, vertice nigro, antcnuis nigricantibiis, thorace fusco-trivittato, abdominis vitta dorsali fasciisque tavsisque fuscis. Long. 2-1—4 ; alar. 4-7 lin. Testaceous. Head black above. Antenna) blackish, testaceous at the base. Thorax with three brown stripes, the lateral pair short. Wings very slightly greyish. Abdomen with an interrupted brown dorsal stripe, and a brown band on the fore border of each segment. — Var. Antennfc with testaceous bands. Not rare. (E. I.) Genus XXIII. BOLITOPHILA. BoLiTOPHiLA, Iloffm. ; Meig. Zw. 1.230(1818); Mcq.; Zett. Macro- cera p., Meig. Kl. Messala, Curt. Co7'j)ns graciUhnum. Caput parvum. Oculi ovati. Ocelli tres, medius vix antepositus. Palpi 4-articulati, cylindriei ; articulus primus brevissimus. Antennae setacece, gracilUmce, IG-articulatse, corpore breviores. Thorax ovatus. Alee angusta ; vena cnh'daUs furcata. Halteres sat longi. Abdomen attenuatum. Pedes longi, gracilllhii ; tibifje spinis et calcaribns nulUs. Mas. Antennae pubescentes, lon- giores. Abdomen lineare, subcylindricum. Fcem. Antennae nuda}, breviores. Abdomen longi-fasiforme. Body very slender. Head small. Eyes oval. Ocelli three, tlic middle one hardly in front of the others. Labrum elongate-trigonate. Labium rather short and broad. Palpi cylindrical, four-jointed ; first, second, and third joints short ; fourth longer, slender. Antennre six- teen-jointed, setaceous, very slender, shorter than the body, sixteenth joint longer than the fifteenth, with the apex somewhat attenuated for a short .space, but not divided by any further articulation. Thorax oval. Wings narrow ; subcostal vein curved forward at its tip, ending at about half the length of the wing ; radial curved upward at its tip, ending at full three-fourths of the length; cubital forked, springing from the radial at hardly before half the length, curved by its base, almost straight from thence to the tip along its hind fork, and nearly at a right angle with its fore fork, which joins the radial near its tip ; subapical emitting before half its length a transverse veinlet, which joins the cubital and bounds the praebrachial areolet, forked a little beyond this ; pra;bra- chial, pobrachial and anal veins distinct ; humeral veinlet near the base; areolets fourteen, — the humeral, the radical, the subcostal, the radial, the pnebrachial, the pobrachial, which is extremely short, two cubital, the subapical, three externo-medial, the anal, and the axillary ; posterior margin forming an inward curve at a little within the length of the humeral areolet from the base. Halteres moderately long. Ab- domen long, attenuated. Legs long, very slender ; tibice icithout spines or spurs. Male. Antenmc pubescent, longer than those of the female. 72 CECIBOMYZWM. Abdomen linear, nearly cylindrical. Fein. Antennae nearly bare. Ab- domen elongate -fusiform, with nine segments ; eighth small ; ninth very small, almost retracted. Tentacles exserted ; their second joint smaller, ovate-orbiculate. The BoUtopldla in structure recede much from the typical Mi/cetop/iilida, and are allied to Bwa and lYichocera. The two British species frequent shady places during the greater part of the year^ and appear even in the middle of winter when the weather is mild. 1. fusca, Meig. Zw. i. 221. 2 (1818) ; Mcq. ; Zati. —Jiyhrida, Meig. Kl. — Samidersii, Curt. — maculipeunis, Walk. — bimaculata? Zett.; Staeg. Ferruginea, vertice thoraceque nigro-cinereo, anteunis nigris basi fer- rugineis, thoraee ferrugineo bivittato, alls snbcinereis macula discali cineren et costali fusca, halteribus apice tibiis tarsisque fuscis. Long. 4 ; alar. 7 lin. Ferruginous. Vertex greyish-black. Antennas black, ferruginous at the base. Thorax with two ferruginous stripes. Wbujs very slightly greyish, with a grey spot at the tlj) of the pralrachlal areolet, and a larger broton spot hy the costa at the tip of the radial vein. Haltcres with brown tips. Tibiae and tarsi brown. Hare. (E.) 2. cinerea, Hoffm ; Meig. ! Zw. i. 221. 1. pi. 8. f. 1 (1 818) ; Mcq. ; Zett. Nigro-cinerea, palpis, halteribus, coxis femoribusque testaceis, an- teunis nigris basi testaceis, pectore ferrugineo, alis subciuereis, macula parva costali cinerea, halteribus apice fuscis, tibiis tarsisque nigricanti- bus. Long. 2|-3 ; alar. 4-5 lin. Greyish-black. Palpi testaceous. Antennae black, testaceous at the base. Pectus ferruginous. Wings very slightly greyish, with a small grey spot by the costa at the tip of the radial vein. Halteres testaceous with brown knobs. Legs testaceous ; tibise and tarsi blackish. Generally distributed. (E. S. I.) Family III. CECIDOMYZID^. Cecidomyzid.I]:, Hal. D. B. i. 7 (1851). Tiptdarice Gallicola, Meig. Cecidomiites, Newm. Cecidomydes, Mcq. Cecidomyna, Ilond. Ceci- domyzides, Zett. Lestreinina (olim) aut Sciarinco p., Eond. Ocelli sapissime nulli. Mesothoracis scutum integrum. Alarum vence usque ad apices sex aut pauciores ; vena coslalis alee apicem plerumque altingens. Body small or very minute. Ocelli very generally icanting. Anten- na generally more or less verticillate, pilose, often moniUform, or with petiolaled joints. Scutum of the mesonotum undivided. JFings generally CECIDOMYIA. 73 beautifully iridescent ; veins in tlieir last subdivisions not more than six ; costal vein extending nearly to the tip of the icing, or to the hind, border ; subopical vein almost always obsolete. These flies are the most elegant and delicate little creatures iu the whole of the Dijdera. The species are exceedingly uuinerous, and generally of very minute size. Descriptions of the characters and habits of all the British species would alone fill this volume, but only a few of these have as yet been observed, and it is diffi- cult to identify them with most of the published descriptions, and 1 am not able to refer to collections for specimens of them. The larvae are generally fleshy, oval grubs, rather attenuated in front, and without any exserted appendages ; those of many species feed on various parts of living plants, and are thus more or less in- jurious to vegetation ; some of them form galls, others feed on decayed wood. The pupa resembles the imago, but its form is much more contracted, with the wings and legs very short, and resting upon the breast, in distinct cases. A\'iunertz has published the most complete treatise on this family, and has reviewed the works of nearly all the previous authors thereon. The genera may be grouped thus : — r Distinct 1. Cecidomyia. Cubital vein < (.Obsolete 2. Lasiopteua. The only recorded genera in addition to these are Sjyaniocera and Helero2)eza of Winnertz, and Brachlneiira and Ozirhpichus of liondani, wdiich have not been discovered in Britain. Genus 1. CECIDOM'^IA. Cecidomyia, Latr. Gen. Cr. iv. 253 (1803); Meig. ; Mcq. ; Loew; Winn. ; Zett. Tipula p., L. ; i\(Sp. I. et E. S.); Gmel.; D. G. ; Schr. Chironomus p., F. (S. A.). Macrocera p., Meig. Kl. Cecidomyia et Lasioplera p., F. (S. A.) Cecidomyza, Zett. Oliyolrophus, Latr. Caput parvuin. Oeuli liniati, apud verticem contigui. Ocelli nulli. Proboscis brevis, crassa. Palpi rt-avticulati ; articulus prinms brevis ; secundus et tcrtius plcriimque a^qualcs ; quartus snepissinie longior. Antenna} longi.c, 13-3G-articulata', nioniUtbrmes aut filifonnes, ple- rauKpie verticillato-pilosse. Thorax rotundatus, nonnunquam gil)- bosus aut antice productus. Ala) ampUie, stcpissimc eihata) ; vena costaHs alte apiecm pleruraque attingens ; subeostalis apud coslic diinidiura tenninata ; cubilalis costali ad apicem connexa ; subapicalis SBepissime nulla ; sul)analis simplex, nonnunquam obsoleta ; aiialis furcata, rare apicem versus obsoleta. Halteres magni. Abdouieu seginentis 8, plcrmnriue lineare. Pedes sa-pissime longi, graeiles ; tibias non spinosa? nee calcarata3 ; metatarsus brcvissimus. Mas. Antenna; VOL. IV. 1 74 CECIDOMYZID.^. ssepissime longiores, articiilis longi-petiolatis, pilis verticillatis longis. Abdomen cylindricum, apice forcipatum. Fcem. Antennae sfcpissime breviores, articiilonnn pctiolis brevissimis aut nuUis, pilis verticillatis brevioribus. Abdomen acuminatum. Oviductus sa3pissime elon- gatus, nonnuuquam lamcUis duabus apicalibus. Size small or very minute. Head small. Eyes lunate, contiguous on the vertex. Ocelli none. Proboscis short, thick, fleshy. Palpi prominent, curved, four-jointed ; first joint smaller than the others ; second and third generally of equal length ; fourth most oftgn the longest. Antennas long, often curved upwards, moniliform or filiform, generally with whorls of hairs ; joints from thirteen to thirty-six in number, most often petiolated, simple, or apparently double, in some species alternately long and short. Thorax rounded, occasionally hump- shaped, in a few species prolonged like a hood over the head. AYings ample, broad and rounded at the tips, cuneiform at the base, often pu- bescent or ciliated ; costal vein ending at the tip of the wing or near it on the fore border, or on the hind border ; subcostal about half the length of the wing, or rather longer or shorter, joining the costal at its tip ; cubital generally slightly curved, ending at the tip of the costal, connected with the subcostal by a transverse veinlet, near which it occasionally forms an angle, and in some species undulates from thence to the base ; subapical vein almost always wanting ; subaual generally distinct, often slight, occasionally obsolete; anal forked, its first or fore branch generally slight, more or less contiguous to the sub- anal vein, obsolete in some species ; second or hind branch generally curved abruptly to the hind border, very rarely obsolete. Halteres long, with large knobs. Abdomen with eight segments in the male, cylindrical and forcipated ; in the female acuminated and with an ovi- duct which varies much in length and shape, and has generally two valves at its tip, when it is short. Legs long, generally very slender ; tibiae without spines and spurs; first joint of the tarsi very much shorter than the second. There are many British species which are different froro those here noticed, but with some exceptions I have excluded them, and many of the following descriptions are translated and abridged from the monographs of Winnertz, who has observed the economy of most species, and whose specific characters are much more com- plete than those of any other author on Cec'ulomyia. Most of the species in the larva state feed on living vegetables, but several inhabit decayed wood, one or two live in oak-apples, and one, ac- cording to Eondani's observations, feeds on Aphides. The speceis here described may be grouped thus : — a. Anal vein forked. b. Transverse veinlet between the base and the tip of the subcostal vein. c. Cubital vein emerging from a flat radicle. CECIDOMYIA. 75 d. Thorax not gibbous. c. Cubital vein joining tlie costal in front of the tip of the wing. — Sul)gen. Daslueiira, Roudaui, Ann. Sci. Nat. i3o- log-ua, 1847. — Cecidowi/ia, Loew, Winn. /. Joints of the antennae petio kited in the male, sessile in the female. ff. Body black, or brown. h. Head black, or brown. i. Legs with silvery reflections. J, Wings grey. Species 1, 2. J J. Wings white. Species 3. J J J- ^^ings limpid. Species 4. i i. Legs not silvery. J. Face yellowish-white. Species 5. j J. Face tawny. Species 6-8. J J J. Face ferruginous. Species 9. j j j j. Face brownish-tawny, brown, or black. k. Body with tufts of silvery hairs. Species 10-13. k k. Body without silvery hairs. I. Wings slightly brown. Species 14, 15. I I. Wings grey. Species 16. III. Wings slightly grey. Species 17, IS. nil. Wings limpid. Species 19-23. h. Head yellow. Species 24. g g. Body pale. h. Disc of the thorax brown. Species 25-28. li li. Thorax with three brown stripes. Species 29, 30. Ji h h. Thorax wholly pale. Species 31-34. //. Joints of the antenniB petiolated in both sexes, in the female often only partly petiolated. Species 35-39. ///. Joints of the antenna? sessile in both sexes. Species 40-43. e e. Cubital vein joining the costal at the tip of the wing or behind it. — Subgen. Biplosis, Loew ; Wiiui. — Fhijlophaga et Cecidomyia, Rondani. /. AntenucC more or less moniliform ; joints generally pe- tiolated and verticillate-pilose. g. Cubital vein joining the costal at the tip of the wing. h. Joints of the flagcllum alternately single and double. i. Wings unspotted. j. Body black, or brown. k. Scutellum tawny. Species 44, 45. k k. Scutellum not tawny. Species 4G, 47. j j. Body yellowish-brown. Species 48. j j j. Body yellow, or testaceous. k. Wings slightly greyish. Species 49, 60. 76 CECIDOMYZID^E. k k. Wings limpid. Species 51-55, i i. Wings coloured. Species 56-63. h Ji. Joints of the autennfe of the male wholly single, and with only one whorl of hairs. i. Wings limpid, or nearly so. Species 64-71. i i. Wings greyish, or grey. Species 73-82. (/ (J. Cubital vein joining the costal behind the tip of the wing. h. Whorls of hairs on the joints of the antennse of the male equally long above and below. i. Wings unspotted. j. Body white. Species 83. j j. Body yellow, or testaceous. k. Thorax without stripes, or a dark disc. I. Wings limpid. Species 84-87. I I. Wings nearly limpid. Species 88. III. Wings greyish. Species 89-93. k k. Thorax with stripes, or a dark disc. I. Wings limpid. Species 93-96. I I. Wings nearly limpid. Species 97-99. I 1 1. Wings greyish. Species 100-103. II II. Wings slightly brown. Species 104, j j j. Body brownish-testaceous. Sp. 105, 106. j j j j. Body tawny. Species 107-110. j j j j j- Body brown, or black. k. Wings milk-white. Species 111. k k. Wings slightly fawn-colour. Species 112. k k k. Wings limpid. Species 113. k k k k. Wings greyish. Species 114-117. k k k k k. Wings grey. Species 118-121. i i. Wings spotted. Species 133, 123. 7i h. Antenna; of the male with long hairs on the upper side. Species 124-126. //. Antenna3 filiform ; joints cylindrical, sessile, not verli- cillate-pilose. Cubital vein joining the costal behind the tip of the wing. — Subgen. Asphoudylia, Loew ; Winn. Species 137-132. d d. Thorax gibbous. Cubital vein joining the costal at the tip of the wing, or behind it. — Subgen. Hormomyia, Loew ; Winn. e. Thorax prolonged over the head. Species 133-137. e e. Thorax not prolonged. Species 138-145. c c. Cubital vein emerging Irom a forked radicle, joining the costal behind the tip of the wing. — Subgen. Colpodla, Loew ; Winn. Species 146. h h. Transverse vcinlct very oblique, emerging from the base of the subcostal vein. CECIDOMYIA. 77 c. Joints of the antcnnre not or hnnlly pctiolated. Cubital vein emerging from a flat radicle. — Subgen. Dlrliiza, Loew. c c. Joints of the antenna; petiolatcd in l)oth sexes, their nuraljcr indeterminate. Cubital vein emerging from a forked radicle, joining the costal behind the tip of the wing. — Subgen. Epidom, Loew ; Winn. d. Body yellow, or tawny. e. Wings limpid, or nearly so. Species 147-149. e e. Wings greyish. Species 150, 151. e e e. Wings brownish. Species 152-157. d d. Body black. Species 158, 159. a a. Anal vein not forked. Cubital vein joining the costal behind the tip of the wing. — Subgen. Jspiapta, Loew ; Winn. b. Cubital vein emerging from a forked radicle. Transverse veiidct very oblique, emerging from the base of the subcostal vein. Species 160. h h. Cubital vein emerging from a flat radicle. Transverse veinlet between the base and the tip of the subcostal vein. Species 161, 162. 1. rosaria, Loew, Pr. Pos. Gymn. 35. 23 (1850); Winn. ; Hardy, Scot. Gard. iii. 45 (1854). Nigro-fusca, subtus argenteo hirta, palpis flavo-fuscis, anteunis 20-24-articulatis, thoracis lateribus apud alas car- neis, alls cinereis hirsutie nigro-cinerea, halteribus fidvis apicefascis, ab- dominis incisuris ferrugineis, pedibus supra nigro-fuscis subtus argenteis. Long. 1-2-2 lin. Thorax with two stripes of thick-set hairs, which appear yellowish in some aspects, whitish in others. Costal, subcostal, and cubital veins black, stout ; cubital ending at hardly in front of the tip of the wing, more thickened in the middle than that of the other species of this subgenus; second branch of the anal vein curved obliquely and not abruptly to the hind border. Male. AntenufS twenty- to twenty-four- jointed, as long as the hody ; joints towards the base longer than their petioles ; middle and apical joints as long as their petioles. Fern. An- tennae twenty-two to twenty-four-jointed, half the length of the body. Oviduct of moderate length. Porms rosctte-like galls on S(dix alba, caprea, aurita, cincrea, and depresm. Noticed by TrisQli (Besclir. xii, 7), and by Dc Gcer (Ins. vi. 155. 27). (E. S.) 2. Salicis, Schr. Pn. Boic. iii. 69. 2310 (1798); Loew; W- inn, ; Hardy, Scot. Card. iii. 13 (1854). — salicbia, Bouche. Nigra, antcn- nis nigro-fuscis 20-24-articulatis, thoracis lateribus apud alas carncis, alis nigro-cincrcis, liaUenhus obscure fascis, femoribus tibiisque suljtus argenteis; Fteiii. abdominis incisuris ventreque carneis. Long. 1^-1^ lin. Thorax with two stripes of yellowish-white glistening hairs. Body, wings, and legs very pubescent ; hairs of the body and of the legs 78 CECIDOMYZID-^. mostly silvery. Male. Antenna twenty- to twenty-two-jointed, three' fourths of the length of the hody ; joints towards the base twice tbe length of their petioles, but only half as long again towards the mid- dle. Transver&e veinlet at the end of the basal half of the subcostal vein not as in C. rosaria at the end of the basal third of that vein. Fern. An- tennae twenty-two to twenty-fonr-jointed, half the length of tbe body. Not rare. (E. S. I.) l^orms woody galls on the twigs of Salix aurita and of S. cinerea, and more rarely on those of S. caprea. Noticed by De Geer (Ins. vi. 155. 27). 3. albipennis, Loew, Pr. Pos. Gymn. 35. 24 (1850); Winn. Nigro-fusca, capite nigro, anteunis flavido-albis 15-articulatis, thorace cinereo vittis qnatuor nigris obscuris, lateribus abdominisque incisuris ferrugineis, alis maris praasertim albis, halteribns albis apice fuscis, pedibus subtus tibiis posticis tarsisque posterioribus supra quoque argenteis. Long. 1 lin. Body clothed with black hairs. Wings with white hairs and white veins ; costal vein brownish ; cubital vein almost straight, ending at some little distance from the tip of the wing ; second branch of the anal curved to the hind border. Male. AntenucE rather more than half the length of the body ; joints almost twice the length of their petioles. Transverse veinlet before the middle of the subcostal vein. Fern. An- tennse rather less than half the length of the body. Transverse veinlet at the middle of the subcostal vein. Oviduct elongated, without valves. Inhabits rose-formed galls on Salix ulha. 4. Papaveris, Winn. Linn. Ent. viii. 239. 16 (1853). Nigro- fusca, antennis fuscis 16-17-articulatis, thorace vittis duabus e pilis flavo-argenteis, lateribus nonnunquam carneis, alis limpidis, costa pilis- que nigris, halteribns abdomineque fulvis, hoc fasciis nigris, pedibus fuscis subtus argenteis. Long. |— §- lin. Transverse veinlet very distinct ; cubital vein bent forward at its jimction with the veinlet, beyond which it is convex in front and joins the costal at some distance in front of the tip of the wing ; second branch of tlie anal vein curved to the hind border. Male. Antenna; seventeen-joiuted, nearly as long as the body ; petioles half the length of the joints towards the base, and three-fourths of the length in the middle and towards the tips ; terminal joint not petiolated. Fern. An- tenucB sixteen-jointed, rather more than half the length of the body. Oviduct elongated, without valves. Lives in the seed-capsules of Papaver Rhoeas and of P. dub'mm. 5. albilabris, Winn. Linn. Ent. viii. 217. 4 (1853). Mas, nigra, facie proboscide palpisquc ilavo-albis, antennis nigro-fuscis 19-articu- latis, thoracis lateribus abdominisque incisuris fulvis, aUs subcinercis, haltcribus albidis, pedibus nigro-fuscis, femoribus til)iisque subtus aut omnino albo-Havis. Long. 1 lin. Wings with blackish-grcy down ; veins brown ; costa stout, black ; CECIDOMYIA. 79 transverse vcinlet very pale at the middle of the subcostal vein ; cubital vein curs'cd, ending near the tip of the wing; iirst branch of the anal curved to the hind border. Male. Antenna; as long as the body ; joints as long as their petioles. Fern. Antennic half the length of the body ; oviduct very long ; third segment and hind half of the second yellow. Lives iu decayed beech-wood. 6. riparia, ^Yinn. Linn. Ent. viii. 218. 5 (1853). Fusca, facie fulva, palpis albidis, antennis 15-16-ai'ticulatis, thoracis lateribus car- neis, alls limpidis, halteribus flavo-fuscis, abdomine fulvo, pcdibus nigris subtns albidis. Long. |— f lin. Broicn. Wings whitish in some aspects, with blackish-grey down ; veins brown ; transverse veinlet very slight and indistinct, situate beyond the middle of the subcostal vein ; cubital vein ending at some little distance from the tip of the wing ; second branch of the anal curved abruptly and slightly obliquely to the hind border. Male. Antennfc fifteen to sixteen-jointed ; joints towards the base as long as thidr pe- tioles, rather shorter towards their tips; cubital vein hardly curved. Fern. Antenna; (ifteen-jointed ; cubital vein distinctly curved. Oviduct elongated, without valves ; second and third joints yellow. Inhabits tlie male blossoms of Carex rijjaria. 7. Persicarise, L. S. N. ii. 977. 49 (1767); F.; Gmel. ; Schr. ; Loew ; Winn. Fcem. nigra, facie fronteque fulvis, palpis albido-tlavis, antennis 16-artieuIatis fuscis basi flavis, thorace uigro-cinereo vittis quatuor nigris, alls vix subcinereis venis nigris, abdomine cameo fasciis nigris, femoribus subtus albo-micantibus. Long. 1 hn. Fern. Black. Front and face tawny. Palpi whitish-yellow. An- tennae sixteen-jointed, brown, yellow at the base, half the length of the body. Thorax blackish-grey, with deep black stripes in the middle and one on each side. Wings almost limpid, with black down and veins ; costa and hind border stout and black, the latter with a very broad fringe ; transverse veinlet distinct, situate at about the middle of the subcostal vein ; cubital straight, ending at some little distance from the tip of the wing ; second branch of the anal curved to the hind border. Halteres whitish-yellow at the base. Abdomen flesh-colour, with black hairy bands. Oviduct elongated, without valves, yellow towards the tip. lufests the leaves of Poli/fformm mnpMhmm. 8. marginem-torquens, Brerai, .Denkschriften der Schweizer- ischen Gesellschaft fiir Naturwissenehaften, pi. 2. f. 32, 33 (1847); Winn. Hardy, Scot. Gard. iii. 78 (1854). Nigra, albo-hirta, facie thoracis lateribus scutello et metathorace fulvis, palpis albidis, antennis pallide fuscis 15-16-articulatis, alls subcinereis venis fuscis costa valida nigra, abdomine sordide llavo (in mortuis obscuriore), pedibus nigro- fuscis subtus albis. Long. ~-^ lin. Black. Sides of the thorax, scuteltnm, and m-elathorax taicny. Wings with blackish-grey down ; transverse veinlet very pale, situate in the 80 CECIDOMYZID/E. middle of the subcostal vein ; cubital somewhat curved in the middle, straight from thence to the tip, joining the costal at some distance in front of the tip of the wing; second branch of the anal vein curved to the hind border. Male. Antenna; fifteen- to sixteen-jointed, nearly as long as the body ; joints towards the base twice the length of their petioles, but only longer by one-third towards their tips. Feni. An- tennae tifteen-jointed, half the length of the body. Abdomen with broad black hairy bands, oviduct elongated, without valves ; first seg- ment blackish, broad and thick ; second and third yellowish. Lives ill the deformed leaf-borders of Sallx viminalis. (E. S.) 9. Sisymbrii, Schr. Fn. Boic. iii. 83. 3353 (1798); Loew; Winn. — Barbare(e, Curt. Nigra, facie ferruginosa, pvoboscide palpisque al- bidis, antennis nigro-fuscis, 16-17-articidatis, thoracis lateribus halte- ribus abdomineque fulvis aut fuscis, alls subcinereis costa nigra, femo- ribus basi subtusque flavis, tibiis tarsisque albo-nitentibus. Long. -|-f lin. Wings with black pubescence, and with blackish-brown veins ; trans- verse veinlet pale, very oblique, joining the middle of the subcostal vein ; cubital vein bent forward at its junction with the transverse vein- let, thence curved towards the fore border, which it joins far from the tip of the wing ; second branch of the anal vein curved obliquely, and not abruptly to the hind border. Male. Antennae sixteen- to seventeen- jointed, rather longer than the body ; joints as long as their jjctioles in the middle, rather longer towards the base, and rather shorter towards the tips of the antenna3. Fein. Antenna3 sixteen-jointed, rather more than half the length of the body ; oviduct elongated, very slender, with- out valves ; second and third segments yellowish. Lives iu May and June in the flowers of Barharea vulgaris, and from June to November in the folded, blister-like galls of Nastur- tium sylvestre. 10. salicina, Schr. Pn. Austr. 435. 884 (1781); Loew; Winn.; Hardy, Scot. Gard. iii. 48 (1854). — Frlwhii, Bremi. Nigro-fusca, fasciculis argenteis, facie proboscide et palpis fusco-fulvis aut fuscis, antetmis IG-IT -articulalis, thoracis lateribus fulvo-vittatis, alis cineras- centibus pilis obscurioribus, halteribus albidis apice nonnunquam fuscis, abdomine carneo, fasciis dorsalibus nigris, pedibus snbtus argenteis. Long. |— 1 lin. Costa of the wings squamose, stout, deep black ; veins dark brown ; transverse veinlet pale, situate about the middle of the subcostal vein ; cubital very slightly curved, ending at some little distance from the tip of the wing ; second branch of the anal forming an o!)tuse angle, slightly curved to the hind border. Male. Autennce sixteen to seveuteeu- joiidecl, nearly as long as the body ; joints as long as their petiole, rather longer towards the base. Fern. Antennae sixteen-jointed, half the length of the body. Abdomen tawny beneath. Oviduct elongated, without valves ; two last segments whitish-yellow. CECIDOMYIA. 81 Lives in the withered tips of the young shoots of Salijc Caprea and S. alba. Noticed by Frisch (Beschr. i. 4. 38. xxi.). 11. iteophila, Loew, Pr. Pos. Gym. 35. 26 (1850); Winn. Ni- gro-fusca, antenn'm 14:-15-a}'ticulatis, alls cinerascentibus, pedibus fuscis subtus paUidioribus. Long. |— |- lin. Costa of the wings squamose, stout, deep black ; veins dark brown ; transverse veinlet pale, situate about the middle of the subcostal vein ; cubital vein quite draicjld, ending at some little distance in front of the tip of the wing ; second branch of the anal forming an obtuse angle, slightly curved to the hind border. Mule. Antennce 14-15 -joi>ded, nearly as long as the body ; joints as long as their petioles, rather longer towards the base. Fern. Antennce fourteen-joiuted, half the length of the body. Abdomen tawny beneath. Oviduct elongated, without valves; two last segments whitish-yellow. Yery nearly allied to C. salicina ; joints of the antennas one or two less in number. Lives in the rose-like galls of Salix (Ma. 12. heterobia, Loew, Pr. Pos. Gym. 35. 25 (1850); Winn. Nigro-fusca, alis cinerascentibus, pedibus fuscis subtus paUidioribus; Mas, antennis n~19-articulatis ; Fcein. aniennis \&-a7'ticulatis. Long. I lin. Costa of the wings squamose, stout, deep black ; veins dark brown ; transverse veinlet pale, situate about the middle of the subcostal vein ; cubital vein generally quite straight, in some cases slightly curved up- ward near the tip, endiuLi" at some little distance in front of the tip of the wing; second branch of the anal forming an obtuse angle, shghtly curved to the hind border. Male. Antennce seventeen- to nineteen-joint- ed, nearly as long as the body ; joints as long as their petioles, rather longer towards the base. Fern. Antennce sixteen-jointed, half the length of the body. Abdomen tawny beneath. Oviduct elongated, without valves ; two last segments whitish-yellow. Lives in the male flowers and in the rosettes on the tips of the twigs of Salix amijfjdallna, and changes there to the pupa state. 13. terminalis, Loew, Pr. Pos. Gym. 35. 28 (1850); Winn. Nigro-fusca, antennis basi fuscis aut flavis, alis cinerascentibus, pedibus fuscis subtus paUidioribus; Mas, antennis \2-articulatis ; Foem. anten- nis 1%-articiilatis. Long. -|-1 lin. Antennce often brown or yellow at the base. Costa of the wings squamose, stout, deep black ; veins dark brown ; transverse veinlet pale, situate about the middle of the subcostal vein; cubital vein generally distinctly curved towards the tip, ending at some little distance in fi'ont of the tip of the wing ; second branch of the anal forming an obtuse angle, slightly curved to the hind border. Male. Antennce nine- teen-jointed, nearly as long as the body ; joints as long as their petioles, rather longer towards the base. Fern. Antennce sixteen-jointed, half the length of the body. Abdomen tawny beneath. Oviduct elongated, without valves ; two last segments whitish-yellow. VOL. IV. " M 82 CECIDOMYZTD^. Lives in the tips of the shoots of Salix fragiUs, which it rolls together. This and the two preceding species seem hardly to differ from C. Saliciua. 14. Euphorbise, Bouclie; Loew, Pr. Pes. Gym. 36. 34 (1850); Winn. — subpatnla? Bremi. Nigra, anteunis nigro-fuscis 16-articula- tis, thoracis lateribus apud alas abdominisque incisuris carneis, alis siib- fuscis, venis nigris, pedibus nigris suhtus alhis ; Twin, abdomine carneo fasciis nigris. Long. \-\ lin. Black. Wings whitish in some aspects, with blackish-grey down ; costa stout ; transverse veinlet very pale, situate at the middle of tin- subcostal vein ; cubital straight or very shghtly curved, ending at some little distance in front of tbe tip of the wing ; second branch of the anal curved to the hind border. Legs hlaclc, white leneallt. Male. An- tennae shorter than the body; joints longer by half than their petioles. Abdomen blackish-brown, with flesh-coloured sutures. Fern. Anteini* half the length of the body. Abdomen flesh-coloured, with broad black hairy bauds. Oviduct elongated, without valves ; third segment yellow. Lives in the tips of the leaves of Eupliorhia Ot/jiarissias. 15. innotata, n. Nigra, alis subfuscis, venis obscurioribus, pedi- hus sordide testaceis validiusculis, tarsis fuscis. Long, f; alar. 1| lin. Black. Wings slightly brownish ; veins darker. Legs dingy testa- ceous, rather stout, tarsi brotcn. Not common. (E.) 16. Klugii, Meig. Zw. 1. 95. 3 (1818); Loew. Fcem. nigra, an- tennis 18-articulatis, articulis ovatis breviter pilosis, thorace cinereo vittis tribus nigris, alis ciuereis, halteribus pedibusque fuscis. Long. 1^ lin. Fetn. Black. Antennae eighteen -jointed; joints oval, with short hairs. Thorax cinereous, with three deep black stripes. Wings grey ; with darker hairs. Halteres and legs brown. Eare. (E.) 17. acrophila, Winn. Linn. Ent. viu. 233. 19 (1853). Nigra, antennis 19-20-articulatis, thoracis lateribus halteribusque carneis aut fuscis, alis subcinereis, costa venisque nigris, abdominis incisuris ventre- que carneis, pedibus suhtus albo-micantibus. Long. 1 lin. Black. Wings whitish in some aspects ; transverse veinlet situate at far before the middle of the subcostal vein ; cubital vein bent forward at its junction with the veinlet, curved hindward from thence to its ti]), which joins the costal at some distance from the tip of the wing ; se- cond branch of the anal vein proceeding abruptly to the hind border, and forming a very slightly obtuse angle ; sutures and under side of the abdomen Jlesh-colour. Mule. Antenn;c nearly as long as the body ; joints and their petioles of equal length ; whorls of hairs hoary. Fern. /Vntenuir half the length of the body. Oviduct yellowish, elongated, without valves ; first segment ilesh-colour. CECIDOMYIA. 83 Lives ill the top leaves of Fraximis excelsior, forms hollow pod- shaped cells, and undergoes its transformation in the earth. 18. costalis, n. Mas,fasca, capite nigro, antennis nigris 20-arti- ciilatis, tJiorace vMis tribus cinereis, scideUo j^ectore abdomineque testa- ceis, alls subciuereis, costa veuis([uc nigris, pcdibus testaceis, tibiis apice tarsisque fuscis. Long. \\ ; alar. 3 lin. Male. Head black. Anteunpe black, twenty-jointed, moniliform ; joints successively decreasing in size, their petioles a little longer than the incrassaied part. Thorax brown, xo'itlt three (jrey stripes ; scutellum, pectus, and abdomen testaceous. Wings greyish, with blackish borders ; costal vein and cubital vein black, the fonner ending much before the nuddlc of the wing, the latter near the tip. Halteres testaceous. Legs testaceous, long, slender; tibia) towards the tips and tarsi brown. Not common. (E.) 19. Cardaminis, "Winn. Linn. Ent. viii. 225. 13 (1853). Nigra, antennis fuscis 16-17-articulati3, thorace cinereo nigro-trivittato, scu- tello nonnuncpiaui carneo, alls limpidis violaceo-cyaneo iridescentibus, halteribus abdouiineque fulvis, hoc incisuris fuscis, pedibus nigro-fuscis subtus albidis basi argenteo-hirtis. Long, i-f lin. Blacli. Antennae sixteen- to seventeen-jointed. Wings with blackish- grey down ; veins brown ; costa stout, deep black ; subcostal vein very near the costa ; transvei'se veinlet pale but distinct, joining by the mid- dle of the subcostal vein; cubital slightly bent forward at its junction with the veinlet, then somewhat convex on the hind side, straight along its apical third part, joining the costal at some distance from the tip of the wing ; second branch of the anal covered to the hind border. Male. Antenna) as long as the body ; petioles of the joints towards the base short, those in the middle one-fourth shorter than the joints. Fem. Antenna) as long as the head and the thorax together; cubital vein straight from the transverse veinlet to the border. Abdomen flesh- colour, with deep black bands on the hind borders of the segments. Oviduct whitish-yellow, elongated, without valves. Lives in the flowers of Cardamine pratensis ; changes to the pupa state in the earth. 20. Cratsegi, Winn. Linn. Ent. viii. 228. 15 (1853). Nigra, palpis fusco-llavis, antennis la-lC)-articulatis, thoracis lateribiis meta- thoraceqiie carneis, alls limpidis nigro-hirtis, costa nigra, halteribus albis, abdoraine carneo fasciis nigris, pedibus nigro-fuscis subtus albis. Long. 1^ Un. ; alar. 2 lin. Subcostal and cubital veins blackish-brown ; transverse veinlet pale, situate at the middle of the subcostal vein ; cubital vein bent forward at its junction with the veinlet, afterwards straight or almost curved forward, joining the costal at some distance in front of the tip of the wing ; second branch of the anal curved to the hind border. Mule. Antenna; sixteen-jointed, rather shorter than the body ; joints and their 84 CECIDOMYZIDiE. petioles of almost equal length ; last joint generally not petiolated. Fem. Jntennai Jifteen-jointecl, half the length of the body ; joints not close set together, but hardly petiolated. Oviduct elongated, yellow towards the tip, without valves. Generally distributed. (E.) Lives in the leaf-tufts of Cra- tagtis Oxyacantlms and C. coccinea, and assumes the pupa state sometimes there, sometimes in the earth. The shoots in white- thorn hedges very often terminate in tufts or knobs, each of which is tenanted by several of the grubs of this fly. 21. Brassicse, Winn. Linn. Ent. viii. 231. 18 (1853). Nigra aut nigro-fusca, palpis albidis, antennis 15-articulatis, alis limpidis, costa nigra, basi halteribttsque carneis, abdomine carneo fasciis dorsahbus ni- gris, pedibus subtus argenteis. Long. |— | lin. Wings with black veins ; subcostal vein very near the costa ; trans- verse veinlet joining the middle of the subcostal vein ; cubital vein convex hindward, joining the costa far from the tip of the wing ; se- cond branch of the anal vein curved to the hind border. Halteres flesh-colour. Male. Antenna; rather shorter than the body ; joints and their petioles of equal length, with long whorls of hairs. Fem. An- tennae with short whorls of hairs, not quite half the length of the body ; joints cylindrical, without petioles. Oviduct elongated, yellow- ish-white, without valves. Lives in the pods of the rape, often from fifty to sixty in one pod, and goes into the earth previous to its metamorphose. 22. Strobi, Kaltenbach, MSS.; Winn. Linn. Ent. viii. 234. 20 (1853). Fusca, antennis 17-19-articulatis, alis limpidis cinereo-hirtis, costa nigro-fusca, luiUerihns alhis, ventre argenteo, pedibus piceis sub- tus albo-micantibus. Long. l-lyV ^i"- Wings with pale brown veins ; transverse veinlet slender and pale, joining the subcostal at two-thirds of its length ; cubital vein a little bent forward at its junction with the veinlet, thence slightly curved hindward, and joining the costal near the tip of the wing ; second branch of the anal vein curved towards the hind border. Male. An- tennce nineteen-jointed, as long as the body ; middle and apical joints and their petioles of equal length. Fem. Antenyice seventeen to eighteen- jointed, half the length of the body ; joints without petioles, but not close-set together. Oviduct elongated, without valves ; second and third joints yellowish-white. Lives in the fallen cones of Finns Abies. 23. serotina, Winn. Linn. Ent. viii. 316. 97 (1853). Nifjro-fuscn, capile jialpis nntennisque fuscis, his 16-17-articulatis, alis limpidis pilis costaque uigris, Jtalleribiis nivels, abdomine fasciis pilosis nigris, pedibus subtus albo-nitcntibus ; 3Ias, abdomine nonnunquam fulvo ; Fcem. ab- domine carneo. Long. |— |^ lin. Subcostal vein near the eosta ; transverse veinlet very pale, joining CECIDOMYIA. 85 the middle of the subcostal vein ; cubital vein convex behind, joining the costa at some distance from the tip of the wing; second branch of the anal vein curved towards the hind border. Male. Antennas sixteen to seventeen-jointed ; as long as the body ; joints as long as their pe- tioles. Abdomen occasionally tawny ; hind borders of the segments with black hairs. Fent. Antennae sixteen-jointed, as long as the head and the thorax together. Abdomen flesh-colour ; hind borders of the segments with black hairs. Oviduct elongated, whitish, without valves. Lives in the tips of the shoots of Il^jiericiim humifusum, and changes to a pupa in the earth. 24. circumdata, Winn. Linn. Ent. viii. 22G. 14 (1853). Fusca, capite flavo, antcnnis fuscis 13-14-articulatis basi flavis, thoracis late- rilnis scutello pectore et metathorax flavis, alls ovatis subfuscescentibus nigro-hirtis, halteribus albidis apice nigro-fuscis, abdominis incisnris basi ventreque flavis, abdomine sordide flavo incisuris albidis, pedibus nigro-fuscis subtus pallidis. Long. ^ lin. Veins of the wings blackish-brown ; transverse veinlet very pale and small, joining the middle of the subcostal vein ; cubital vein much bent forward at its junction with the veinlet, beyond which it is slightly curved forward, and ends at hardly in front of the tip of the wing ; second branch of the anal vein forming an obtuse angle, and joining the hind border. Male. Antennae fourteen-jointed, as long as the body ; joints twice the length of their petioles. Fern. Antennae thirteen- jointed, half the length of the body. Oviduct very short, with two small, rounded, whitish valves. Lives in the leaf-tops or tufts of Cratagus Oxijacantha, and changes to the pupa state in the earth. 25. Betulae, Kalt. MSS. ; Winn. Linn. Ent. viii. 234. 21 (1853). Obscure citrina, antennis fuscis \2-13-ai'ticulatis, thoracis dorso nigro- fusco, alls Umpidis aut lactels, pilis venisque pallidis, halteribus albis, ab- domine nonnunquam fuscescente, pedibus pallide^avis. Long. yV~lTi) lin. TFitif/s Ihiipld or wJiitish ; transverse veinlet filiform, colourless, situate at a little before the middle of the subcostal vein ; cubital vein almost straight, but slightly curved hindward towards the tip, which joins the costa near the tip of the wing ; second branch of the anal vein curved towards the hind border. Male. AntenncB twelve- to thirteen-jobUed, rather more than half the length of the body ; joints longer by half than their petioles ; apical jouit with a very sliort petiole. Fem. An- teunce twelve-jointed., one-third of the length of the body ; joints sessile. Oviduct moderately long, without valves ; third segment white. Appears in March, April, or ]\lay, having lived through the winter in the preceding year's female catkins of Betula alba. 26. Galeobdolontis, Kaltenbach, MSS. ; Winn. Linn. Ent. viii. 238. 25 (1853). Fwm. pallide Jlava, antennis fuscis IG-articulatis, 86 CEClDOMYZIDiE. basi flavis, thoracis disco pallide fusco, alis linipidis, costa nigro-fasca, venis fuscis, halteribus albidis, abdominis segraentorum marginibus pos- ticis fusco-pilosis, 7;e«/i(5i?ewms .?, Meig.— fuscinervifi, Loew. — var.? annnlipes, Roser. Nigra^ alls cinereis, venis fuscescentibus, ad costam nigris, tihiis basi apiceque albis, tarsis albis apice n'ujris. Long. \; alar. 2 lin. Black. IFincjs (jrey ; costal, subcostal, and radial veins black, the rest brownish ; subcostal vein ending at a little beyond one-third of the length of the wing; radial ending with the costal at beyond two- thirds of the length. Halteres white. Tih'ue white totcards the base and at the tips ; tarsi white, black towards the tips. " Kare, in moist groves." (E. I.) 7. minuta, Meig. Zw. i. 301. 4 {^^\%).~duhia, Meig. Kl. Zw. Nigra, alis subliinpidis, venis albis apud costam nigris. Long. ^ ; alar. Black. Wings nearly limpid ; costal, subcostal and radial veins black, the rest white ; subcostal vein ending at rather beyond one-third of the length of the wing ; radial ending with the costal at a little beyond two-thirds of the length. Not rare. (E. S.) 8. clavipes, Loew; Linn. Ent. i. 333. 7 (1846); Zett. Nigra, alis limpidis, venis albis apud costam nigris, pedibus validis nigro-piceis ; Mas, tibiis posticis clavatis ; Teem, tibiis posticis subclavatis. Long. \\ ; alar. 3 lin. Black, shining. Wings limpid ; costal, subcostal, and radial veins black, the rest white ; subcostal vein ending at beyond one-third of the length of the wing ; radial at some distance from the costal, ending with the costal at much before two-thirds of the length. Legs stout, blackish piceous. Male. Hi?id tibia clavate. Fem. Hind tibia slightly clavate. Rare. In the British Museum. (E.) 9. integrata, n. Nigra, alis snbcinerascentibus, venis albidis apud costam nigris. Long. -1; alar. 1^ lin. Black. JFings very slightly greyish; costal, subcostal, and radial veins black, the rest whitish ; subcostal ending at about one-fourth of the length of the tcing ; radial ending at some distance before two-thirds of the length. Kare. (E.) 144 BIBIONID.E. 10. soluta, Loew, Liini. Ent. i. 335. 8 (1846). Nigra, alis Um- pidis, venis albis apurl costam testaceis, vena radiali a costa remota, siib- apicalis ramo antico basi interrupto. Long. 1 ; alar. 2 lin. Blade. Wings limpid; costal, subcostal, and radial veins testaceous, the rest white ; snbcoslal ending at a little beyond one-third of the length of the wing ; radial rather far from the border, ending at some distance beyond half the length. Common. (E. I.) 11. simplex, n. Nigra, alis subcinereis, venis albidis apud costam uiojris. Long. 1| ; alar. 1^ lin. Black. JFings slightly grey ; costal, subcostal, and radial veins black, the other veins whitish ; subcostal vein ending at about one-third of the length of the icing ; radial ending with the costal at some distance be- yond half the length. Bare. (E.) . 12. albitarsis, Zett. Dipt. Scand. ix. 3408. 14 (1850). Nigra, elongala, alis albis, venis albis apud costam testaceis, tarsis albis. Long, li ; alar. 2 lin. Black. Body rather long. IFings ichite ; costal, subcostal, and radial veins testaceous, the rest white ; subcostal vein ending at a little before half the length of the wing ; radial ending at a little beyond half the length. Tarsi white. Common. (E. I.) 13. halterata, Meig. Zw. vii. 55. 16 (1838) ; Loew. Nigra, alis limpidis, venis albis apud costam nigricantibus. Long. -|; alar, li lin. Black. Wings limpid ; costal, subcostal and radial veins blackish, the other veins white ; subcostal ending at a little beyond one-fourth of the length of the wing ; radial ending with the costal at half the length. Rare. (E.) 14. brevicomis, Meig. Zw. vi. 314. 11 (1830); Loew; Zett,— septenmodia, Schr. Nigra, antennis brevissimis, alis albis, venis albis apud costam nigricantibus. Long, ^-f ; alar. |— f lin. Black. Antennas very short. Wings white ; costal, subcostal, and radial veins blackish, the rest white ; subcostal ending at about one- fourth of the length of the wing ; radial ending with the costal at one- third of the length. Common. (E, S. I.) Genus IV. ASPISTES. AsPisTEs, Iloffm.; Meig. Zw. i. 319 (1818); Mcq. ; Zell. ; Loew; Zett. Corpus niinntuni, oblongo-ovatum, glabricuhnn, nitidnm. Caput ro- SIMULID.E. 145 tunclatura, thorace angustius et hiuniliiis. Oculi remoti, integri. Ocelli tres. Palpi occulti. Antennte 12-articulat?e?, porrecta?, cras- slusculce, siibcvlindricee, capitatai, capite paullo longiores. Thorax gibbus, disco antico macula scutellifoniii subquadrato-ovali subtililer punctulata. Scutellum traiisversiiiii. A\?e magnaB, nud;v, hyalinae. Halteres distincti. Abdomen 8-annulatiim, latum, depressum. Pedes validiusculi, subpubescentes ; antici coxis majoribus, femoribiis eras- sis aut crassissimis subtus setulosis, tibiis intus spina longiuscula terminatis ; tibiae posteriores apice breviter calcaratae. Body very small, oblong-oval, shining, nearly smooth. Head round- ed, narrower and lower than the thorax. Eyes remote, entire. Ocelli three. Palpi hidden. Antenna? twelve-jointed ?, capitate, porrect, rather thick, nearly cylindrical, a little longer than the head. Thorax gibbous, with a subquadrate-oval, finely punctured, scutelliforni spot on the disc in front. Scutellum transverse. Wings large, bare, hyaline ; subcostal vein rudimentary ; radial ending at much before half the length of the wing ; cubital ending at much before two-thirds of the length ; sub- apical proceeding from near the tip of the cubital, ending at the tip of the wing ; subanal proceeding from the cubital before half its length ; anal and subaxillary distinct, the latter forming an angle. Areolets seven, — the hmucral, which is very short, the radial, the cubital, the subapical, the anal, the axillary, and the subaxillary. Posterior margin slightly curved inward near the base. Halteres distinct. Abdomen broad, depressed, with eight segments. Legs rather stout, slightly pubescent ; fore coxae large ; fore femora thick or very thick, slightly bristly beneath ; fore tibiae with a rather long apical spine ; hinder tibifB with short apical spurs. This genus is nearly allied to Scatopse iu habit and structure. 1. puUus, Hal. MSS. Nigra, nitens, thorace pubescente subni- tido, alls limpidis, venis apud costam nigris, pedibus testaceis, tibiis posticis apice femoribusque nigris. Long, f ; alar. 1\ lin. Black, shining. Thorax gibbous, pubescent, slightly shining. Wings limpid ; costal, subcostal, and radial veins black ; radial vein incrassated at its junction with the costal ; the other veins colourless. Legs tes- taceous ; femora black ; hind tibise with black tips. Eare. In Mr. Haliday's collection. (I.) Family V. SIMULIDvE. Tipularlce latipennes, IMeig. ; Mcq. SinudUtes, Newm. Simulidc-s, Zctt. Shmdbi(e, llondani. Ocelli iiidli. Mesolhoracis scutum iniegrnm. Vena costalis ante nice apicem term.inala. Tibia et metatarsi lata, coitipressa. VOL. IV. u 146 SIMULlDJi. OceUi none. Scutnin of the viesothorax undivided. Wings and halteres coynplete. Costal vein ending near the tip of the wing. Tibice and metatarsi broad, compressed. This Family comprises ooly one genus. Genus I. SIMULIUM. SiMULiUM, Latr. Hist. Nat. Ins. (1802); Mcq.; Heeger. Culex p., L. ; F. E. S. ; Schr. ; Gmel. Tipula p., D. G. ; F. E. S. Scatopse p., F. S. A. Chironomus p., F. S. A. Atractocera, Meig. Kl. Z\v. Simulia, Meig. ; Fries ; Zett. Corpus parvum, oblongo-ovatum, gibbum, opacum, tomentosum. Ca- put parvum, tborace angustius et bumibus. Ocelb nulli. Palpi 4- articulati, exserti, incurvi ; articulus primus parvus ; secundus et ter- tius longiores ; quartus adbuc longior, nudus, gracilis, quasi articu- latus. Antennae 11-articulatpe, porrectfe, subuiouibformes, subcyliii- dricfe, apices versus subangustata), capita nonniiiil longiores ; articuli primus et secundus discreti ; tertius et sequentes contigui, trans- versi, subcyathiformes. Thorax ovatus. Alse amplse, incumbentes, nudse, hyalina^. Halteres distincti. Abdomen 8-annulatum, sub- cybndricum. Pedes validiusculi, comprcssi, inermes, metatarso postico longiusculo. Mas. Corpus plerumque atrum, aureo aut albo ornatum. Oculi magni, rotundi, in fronte arete contigui. Palpi parvi. AntenucC in fronte antico approximatse Abdomen subcyliu- dricum, subincurvum. Metatarsus posticus incrassatus. Foem. Cor- pus plerumque cinerascens. OcuU mediocres, reniformes, remoti. Labrura lanceolatum. Labium lineare, apice rotundatum et biden- tatum. Lingua clongata, fissa, apud medium contracta, extus apicem versus ciliata. Palpi majusculi. Antennae in incisuris ocellorum insertse, nonniiiil remotae. Abdomen oblongum, crassum, rectum. Metatarsus posticus vix incrassatus. Body small, oblong-oval, gibbous, opaque, tomentose. Head small, narrower and lower than the thorax. Ocelli none. Palpi four-jointed, exserted, curved downward ; first joint small ; second and third longer ; fourth still longer, slender, bare, composed of numerous little aunuli. Antennae eleven-jointed, porrect, submoniHform, nearly cylindrical, somewhat narrower towards the tips, a little longer than the head ; first and second joints remotely connected ; third and following closely connected, transverse, nearly cyathiform ; eleventh elongate, conical. Thorax oval. Wings ample, incumbent, bare, hyaline ; costal, medi- astinal, radial, and cubital veins stout; the rest slender, indistinct; costal vein ending at little in front of the tip of the witig ; subcostal and mediastinal ending at very little beyond half the length ; radial ending at a little before two-thirds of the length ; cubital joining the tip of tlie costal ; subapical double, springing from the cubital before half the length of the wing; the first division ending at the tip of the wing, the second joining the hind border; two cxtenio-niodial veins. SIMULIUM. Ii7 the first forked towards the tip ; subanal vein undulating ; anal vein straight ; axillary extending nearly to the border. Halteres distinct. Abdomen nearly cylindrical, with eight segments. Legs rather stout, compressed, unarmed ; hind metatarsus somewhat lengthened. Male. Body generally deep black, adorned with gilded or white tomentum. Eyes large, round, closely connected in i'ront. Palpi small. Antenna) inserted in the anterior front, approximate. Abdomen nearly cylin- drical, slightly incurved. Hind metatarsus incrassated. Fern. Body generally cinereous. Eyes of moderate size, reniform, remote. Labrum lanceolate. Labium linear, rounded and bidentate at the tip. Lingua divided, elongated, contracted in the mitldle ; apical part ciliated on the outer side. Palpi longer than in the male. Antennae inserted in notches of the eyes, somewhat remote. Abdomen oblong, thick, straight. Hind metatarsus hardly incrassated. The female Simidia are frequently called Sand-flies^#nd in some countries and districts are even more annoying and injurious than the gnats or mosquitoes. They abound especially in the most northern parts of Europe, and in several parts of North and South America. In the Bannat the myriads of 8. Colombaschense often prove fatal not only to cattle but to mankind. The larva of S. nericeum is aquatic, cylindrical', rather more slender in the middle ; it dwells on the stems of Tliellawlrlum, and of 8iur,i ; the head is distinct, and is furnished, in addition to the trophi, with two short antenna, and with two flabelliform appendages; the thorax has a thick conical and retractile tubercle beneath, and the tip of the abdomen has several curved appendages. The pupa has on each side of the front of the thorax eight very long filiform appendages ; the posterior part of its body is enclosed in a semioval membranous cocoon, attached to the plants, and open in front. The winged insect is developed beneath the surface of the water, from which it is protected by its line silky covering. a. Legs with white bands. 6. Thorax with gilded tomentum. Species 1. b b. Thorax without gilded tomentum. Species 3. a a. Legs without i)ands. b. Thorax with cinereous tomentum. c. Thorax not striped. Species 3. c c. Thorax striped. Species 4. b b. Thorax with hoary tomentum. Species 5. 1. reptans, L. F. S. 1893 (1701); P.; Schr. ; Gmel. ; Latr. ; Mcig. ; Fries ; Mcq. ; Dahlb. ; Zctt. — sericea, L. ; F. ; Gmel. ; ]Meig. — erytliroceplmla, D. Vr .—flor'ilcga? L. — maculnia? F. — argi/ropeza, JMcig. Kl. Alls limpidis, venis albis apud costam nigricantibus, halteribus lu- teis, tibiis et mctatarsis basi albis ; Mas, atni, capite antico albo, thorace aureo-tomentoso, latcribus faseiacjue antica iuterrupta albis ; Fxtn. nigra. 148 SIMULIDiE. cinereo-tomentosa, tliorace maculis duabus anticis albis. Long. 1^-1 f ; alar. 3^ lin. Wings limpid ; costal, radial, and cubital veins blackish, the rest white. Halteres luteous. TibiaB and hind tarsi white towards the base. Male. Deep black. Head white -in front. Thorax, with slightly gilded tomentum ; sides white ; an interrupted white band in front. Fem. Black, with cinereous tomentum. Thorax with a large white spot on each side in front. Generally distributed. (E. S. I.) 2. elegans, Meig. Zw. i. 226. 9 (1818). Alls limpidis, venis albis apud costam nigricantibus, halteribus luteis, genubus albidis, tibiis anticis albis apice nigris ; Mas, atra, thoracis fascia antice interrupta, macula dorsali lateribuscpie albis, abdominis lateribus albo-trimaculatis ; Foem. nigra, cinereo-tomentosa. Long. l-|-li; alar. 3 lin. Wings limpid ; costal, radial, and cubital veins blackish, the rest white. Halteres luteous. Knees whitish ; fore tibife white, black towards the tips. Male. Deep black. Thorax with an interrupted white band in front and with a white dorsal spot ; sides white. Abdo- men with three white spots on each side. Fem. Black, with grey tomentum. Generally distributed. (E. S. I.) 3. margmata, Meg. ; Meig. Zw. i. 293. 6 (1818). Alls limpidis, venis albis apud costam nigris ; Mas, atra, thorace antice et inter alas ferrugineo-cinereo, halteribus piceis, abdomine basi subtusque ferrugi- neo-cinereo, femoribus tibiisque cinereis ; Fami. nigra, corpore femoribus tidiisfjiie cinereo-iov/eiitosis,]ii\]teYihi\sh\\\is. Long, l-i—l^; alar. 3| lin. Wings limpid ; costal, radial, and cubital veins black, the other veins white. Male. Deep black. Thorax with ferruginous-cinereous tomen- tum in front and between the wings. Halteres piceous. Abdomen with ferruginous-cinereous tomentum at the base and beneath. Femora and tibiae with cinereous tomentum. Fem. Black. Body, femora, and tibice ivith cinereous tomentum. Halteres tawny. Not rare. (E.) 4. lineata, Meig. Kl. Zw. i. 95. 2 (1804). Foem. nigra, subcine- reo-tomentosa, thorace viftis quatuor canis, alls limpidis apud costam fulvis, halteribus albidis. Long. \\; alar. 3 lin. Fem. Black, with grey tomentum. Thorax toith four hoary stripes. Wings limpid ; costal, radial, and cubital veins tawny, the other veins white. Halteres whitish. Not common. (E.) 5. fuscipes, Zett. Eries, Monogr. Simnl. 18. 6 (1829?); Meig. Zw. vi. 314. 12 (1830); Zett. — var. puhlventrls, Zett. 1. L. Fwm. nigra, cano-tovientosa, alls limpidis, venis albidis, apud costam nigris, halteri- bus albidis. Long. 1^; alar. 3J- lin. Fem. Body and legs black, with hoary lumeiUnm. Wings limpid; cniRONOMUs. 149 costal, radial, and cubital veins black, the other veins white, lialteres whitish. Not common. (E.) Family YI. CHIRONOMID^. CiiiRONOMiD.E, Ilaliday, MSS. Brit. Dipt. i. 7. (1851). T'qmlarla culicifonnes p., Meig. ; Mcq. ; Winn. CiiUcites p., Newm. J^pu- lida p., Leach ; Steph. Chirouomu p., Zett. CJiironomince p., Kond. Ocelli nulli. Mesothoracis scutum integrum, absque sutura transversa. Ahe angustse, margine postico aveniic (membrana longius pubesceute aut glaberrima) ; vena costalis apud ala3 apiceni terminata. Pedes saepissime tenues, til)iis et tarsis gracilibus, subcylindricis. Ocelli none. Scutum of the mesonotum undivided. Wings and halteres developed. Wings narrow, without veins along the posterior margin ; costal vein ending near the tip of the wing. Legs generally attenuated ; tibifc and tarsi slender, nearly cylindrical. These flies are usually called Midges ; generally inhabit water or watery ground during their larva-state ; and some species occur in innumerable multitudes, and their numbers must much contri- bute to remove or change to earth the decaying vegetable matter, which is their earliest food. The larvas of a few species dwell be- neath the bark of trees. I am indebted to Mr. Haliday for the characters in the following grouping of the genera : — a. Proboscis distinct, with (4-) jointed palpi. Metathorax produced over the base of the abdomen. b. Mesosternum compressed, gibbous, descending as low as the ends of the posterior coxse. c. Wings oblong, with the anal angle more or less abrupt. d. Antenna3 with twelve joints or more in the male, seven or eight in the female. 1. Chironomus. d d. Antennae fifteen -jointed, plumose in the male, with the penultimate joint elongated. Pobrachial arcolet closed ex- ternally. 2. Tanypus. c c. Wings nearly spatulate, the anal margin being sloped without an angle. 3. Corynoneura. h h. Metathorax short, descending. Posterior coxae extending down- wards beyond the convex mesosternum. 4. Ceratopogon. a a. Proboscis and palpi obsolete. Wings coriaceous. 9. Clunio. Genus I. CHIRONOMUS. Chironomus, Meig. lllig. Mag. (1801); Fabr. ; Latr. ; Curt.; Mcq.; Zett.; Westw.; StcCg.; Gim. Tlpula^.,\j.; F.E. S.; D. G.; Schr. Tanypus p.. Lam. 150 CHIRONOMID.E. Corpus elongatum, mediocre, aut parvum, aut minimum, soepissime pubescens. Caput parvum, sessile. Oculi reniformes, reraoti. Pro- boscis brevis. Palpi 4!-articulati, incurvi, subcylindrici ; articulus primus brevissimus ; secundus et tertius sequales ; quartus longior et gracilior. AntennEe porrectse, filiforraes. Thorax ovatus aut longi- ovatus, antice plus minusve productus. Scutellum mediocre. Alee angustse, elongatsB, lanceolatse, deflexse. Abdomen segmentis 8, gra- cile. Pedes autici plus minusve elongati. Mas. Antennae plumoste, 1 S-articulatse. Fcem. Antennae verticillato-piloste, G-articulatae. Body of moderate size, or small, or very minute. Eyes reniform, broader beneath, separate in both sexes. Mouth not elongated. Palpi four-jointed, prominent, curved, pubescent, nearly cylindrical ; first joint very short ; second and third of moderate and equal length ; fourth a little longer and more slender. Antennse porrect, filiform, seated in a notch of the eye. Thorax oval or elongate-oval, liigher than the head, more or less protuberant in front, very generally with three dark stripes. Scutellum of moderate size. Wings narrow, elon- gate, lanceolate, deflexed, slightly ciliated along the hind border, gene- rally bare, pubescent in some species ; mediastinal vein more than half the length of the wing, not extending to the border; subcostal ending at nearly three-fourths of the length ; radial emerging from the prae- brachial transverse veinlet, ending at beyond three-fourths of the length ; cubital proceeding from the prtebrachial transverse veinlet, ending at very little in front of the tip ; subapical ending at very little behind the tip ; subanal forming a fork of the prfebrachial ; anal complete ; subaxillary obsolete. Areolets eleven, — the humeral, the subcostal, the mediastinal, the radial, the cubital, the praebrachial, the pobrachial, which is not closed as in Tcmypus, the subapical, one externo-medial, the anal, and the axillary. Posterior margin much excavated, and forming an acute angle at its base. Abdomen with eight segments, slender, more or less exceeding twice the length of the thorax. Legs more or less long and slender, bare or slightly pilose, unarmed ; coxHs nigris, alls Umpidis, vents albidis cqmd cos- tam testaceis, lialteribus albis, pedibus pallide testaceis. Long. \\ ; alar. 2^ lin. Male. Green. Antennse with blackish plumes. Thorax lolth three Hack stripes. Wimjs limp id ; costal, radial, and cubital veins testaceous, the rest lohitlsh. Halteres white. Legs pale testaceous. Not common. (E.) 20. pusio? Meig. Zw. vi. 256. 117 (1830). Mas, obscure viridis, thorace vittis tribus niffris, ulis Umpidis, venis j^alUde testaceis, lialteribus pallide viridibus, pedibus pallide testaceo-viridibus. Long. If; alar. 3 lin. Male. Dark green. Thorax with three black stripes. Wings limpid; veins pale testaceous. Halteres pale green. Legs pale dull testaceous- green. Not common. (E.) 21. longipes? Stteg. Dipt. Dan. 570. 38 (1840); Zett. Fcem. viridis, thorace vittis tribus testaceis, alis albido-limpidis, venis halteri- busque albidis, illis apud costam fuscescentibus, abdomine fusco, segmen- tornm marginibus posticis subcanis, pedibus testaceis, tarsis fuscescen- tibus. Long. 2i ; alar. 4 lin. Var. ? Fern. Green. Thorax with three testaceous stripes. Wings whitish, limpid ; costal, radial, and cubital veins, and discal transverse veinlet brownish, the rest whitish. Halteres whitish. Abdomen pubes- cent, dark brown ; hind borders of the segments slightly hoary. Legs testaceous; tarsi brownish. Not common. (E.) 22. perlevis, n. Fcem. viridis, thorace vittis tribus testaceis, alis subcinereis, venis albidis apud costam testaceis, halteribus albis, abdo- mine fusco, pedibus pallide testaceis. Long. 1 ; alar. 2 lin. Fern. Green. Thorax with three testaceous stripes. Wings greyish ; costal, radial, and cubital veins testaceous, the rest whitish. Halteres white. Abdomen brown. Legs pale testaceous. Not common. (E.) 23. viridis, Wies, MSS. ; Mcq. ; H. N. D. i. 52. 21 (1834); Meig. ; Sta3g. ; Zett. Mas et Foem. viridis, thorace vittis tribus tes- taceis, alis Umpidis, venis albidis apud costam testaceis, halteribus albis, pedibus pallide testaceis, tibiis et tarsorum articuUs apice nigricantibus. Long. l|-2 ; alar. 3-4 lin. Male and Fem. Green. Thorax with three testaceous stripes. Wings limpid ; costal, radial, and cubital veijis testaceous, the rest whitish. Halteres white. Legs pale testaceous ; tips of the tibi;ie and of the joints of the tarsi blackish. Male. Antenna) with brown plumes. Generally distributed. (E. S. I.) 24. nervosus? Stivg. Dipt. Dan. 5G7. 25 (1840); Zclt. Intern: CHIRONOMUS. 159 pallide viridis, thorace vittis tribus latissimis testaceis, alls sublimpidis, venis pallide testaceis, halteribus pallide viridibus, abdomine prasino, pedibus testaceis, femoribus tibiisque posterioribiis pallide viridibus. Long. 1\ ; alar. 3 lin. Fern. Pale green. Thorax with three very broad testaceous stripes. Pectus testaceous. Wings nearly limpid ; veins pale testaceous. Hal- teres pale green. Abdomen grass-green. Legs testaceous ; posterior femora and posterior tibiae pale green. Not common. (E.) 25. prsecox, Wied.; Meig. Zw. i. 49. 64 (1818). Mas et Fcem. ni(/er, tliorace cinereo vittis tribus nigris, alis putjescentibus subcinereis, venis albidis apiid costam testaceis, halteribus albis, pedibus fuscis aut testaceis, femoribus tibiisque apice tarsisque nigris. Long. 2i-3 ; alar. 4-4i lin. Male and Feni. Black. Thorax grey, with three black dorsal stripes. Wings pubescent, slightly greyish ; costal, radial, and cubital veins tes- taceous, the rest whitish. Halteres white. Abdomen pubescent. Legs brown or testaceous, long, slender, minutely pubescent ; tarsi and tips of the femora and of the tibiae black. Male. Antennae with black plumes. Common. Appears in April. 26. chloris? Meig. Zw. i. 28. 17 (1818); Mcq. ; Steeg. Ft^m. niger, thorace cano-testaceo vittis tribus nigris, alis albo-limpidis, venis albis apud costam testaceis, halteribus albidis, segmentorum abdomiualium marcjinibus posticis canis, pedibus nigricantibus, tibiis posterioribus fe- moribusque testaceis, apice nigris. Long. 3^; alar. 6 lin. Fern. Black. Thorax hoary-testaceous, with three black stripes, the middle one double. Pectus hoary. Wings limpid-white ; costal, radial, and cubital veins testaceous, the rest white. Halteres whitish. Hind borders of the abdominal segments hoary. Legs blackish ; femora and posterior tibia? testaceous, with black tips. Not common. (E.) 27. sulphuricoUis? Meig. Zw. vi. 246. 79 (1830). Fcem. niger, thorace fulvo vittis tribus nigris, alis limpidis, venis albidis apud costam testaceis, halteribus testaceis apice nigris, pedibus testaceis, femoribus tibiisque et tarsorum articulis apice nigricantibus. Long. 2 ; alar. 4 lin. Fern. Black. Thorax tawny, with three black stripes. "Wings limpid ; costal, radial, and cubital veins testaceous, the rest whitish. Halteres testaceous, with black tips. Legs testaceous ; tips of the femora, of the tibise, and of the joints of the tarsi, blackish. Rare. In Mr. Saunders' collection. (E.) 28. nigroviridis? Mcq. H. N. D. i. 51. 18 (1834); Meig.; Gim.; Stceg. ; Zctt. Mas et Fcem. viridis, thorace vittis tribus fuscis, alis lim- pidis, venis albis apud costam testaceis, venula discali fusca, lialtcribus albidis, abdomine fasciis latis fuscis, pedibus pallide viridibus, femoribus 160 CHIRONOMID.'E. tibiisque necnon tarsorum articulis apice nigris. Long. 3-3^ ; alar. 4-4i lin. Male and Fern. Green. Thorax toitli three brown stripes; metathorax brown. Wings limpid ; costal, radial, and cubital veins pale testaceous, the rest white ; discal transverse veinlet brown. Halteres whitish. Jb- domhial segments with broad broicn bands. Legs pale green ; tips of the femora, of the tibise, and of the joints of the tarsi black. Male. An- tennse with brown plumes. Not rare. (E.) 29. debilis? Meig. Zw. vi. 255. 113 (1830). Mas et Foem. tes- taceus, thorace vittis tribiis latis fiiscis, alls subcinereis, veuis fuscis, hal- teribus albis, ahdomhie viridi, segmentorum apicem versus margiuibus pos- ticis nigris, pedibus sordide testaceis. Long. 2 ; alar. 4 lin. Male and Fern. Testaceous. Palpi and antenna} black. Thorax with three broad broicn stripes. Wings greyish, pubescent ; veins brown. Halteres white. Abdomen green ; hind borders of the segments toicards the tip black. Legs dingy testaceous, long, slender, pubescent. Not rare. (E.) 30. vernus? Meig. Zw. i. 49. G6 (1818); Mcq. ; Gim. ; Staeg. ; Zett. Mas et Fcem. niger, thorace testaceo vittis tribus nigricantibus, alis subcinereis pubescentibus, venis albidis apud costani subfuscis, halteribus albis, abdomine fusco, pedibus sordide testaceis, tibiis tarsisque apice nigris. Long. 2 ; alar. 4 lin. Male and Fern. Black. Thorax testaceous, lolth three blackish stripes. Wings slightly greyish, pubescent ; costal, radial, and cubital veins pale brownish, the rest whitish. Halteres white. Abdomen dark broicn, pubescent. Legs dingy testaceous, very pubescent, long, slender ; tips of the tibice and of the tarsi black. Male. Antennae with brown plumes. Not rare. (E.) 31. lividus? Meig. Zw. vi. 246. 82 (1830). Mas et Fcem. viridis, thorace vittis tribus nitidis nigricantibus, alis albo-limpidis, venis halte- ribusque albis, abdominis apice nigro, \Kdihus pallide viridibus, femoribus tibiis tarsisque apice nigris. Long. 2^-3 ; alar, 4-5 lin. Male and Fern. Green. Thorax with three blackish shining stripes. Wings limpid-white ; veins and halteres white. Abdomen black towards the tip. Legs pale green, long, slender ; tips of the femora, of the tibise, and of the tarsi black. Male. Plumes of the antenntie brown, whitish towards the base and towards the tips. Rare. lu tlie British Museum. (E.) 32. prasirms, Meig. Zw. i. 22.4 (1818); Mcq.; G\m.— inter- medins ? tJUeg. ; Zett. Mas et Fcem.. viridis, thorace vittis tribus fer- rugineis, alis albo-liinpidis, venis albis apud costam testaceis, abdominis segmentis nigro-fasciatis, pedibus viridibus, tibiis tarsisque apice nigris. Long. 22-4 ; alar. 4-6 lin. Green. Thorax with three ferruginous stripes. Wings limpid-white, CHIKONOMUS. 161 with a distinct black discal dot ; costal, radial, and cubital veins testa- ceous, the rest white. Abdomen with a black band on each segment ; these bands are not, or hardly, apparent in immature specimens. Legs green ; tips of the tibiae black ; tarsi testaceous, their joints with black tips. Male. Antennae with brown plumes. Generally distributed. (E. S. I.) 33. viridanus? Mcq. H. N. D. i. 52. 22 (1834); Meig. Fa^ni. viridis, thomce vittis trlbus lideis, alls llmpldls, veuis olOldls apud costara testaceis, abdomine prasluo, halteribus pedibusque pallide viriclibus, tibiis et tarsorum articulis apice nigricautibus. Long, lw-2 ; alar. 3-'l lin. Fern. Green. Thorax with three luteous stripes. Wings limpid ; costal, radial, and cubital veins testaceous, the rest whitish. Halteres pale green. Abdomen grass-green. Legs pale green ; tips of the tibiie and of the joints of the tarsi blackish. Not rare. (E.) 34. dispessus, n. Mas et Foem. pallide viridis, thorace vittis trib/ts luleis, alls Ihnpidis, venis ulhidis apud costani testaceis, ])edibus testaceis, tibiis et tarsorum articulis apice tarsisque anticis talis nigricantibus. Loug. 2-i- ; alar. 4 lin. Male and Fern. Pale green. Thorax with three luteous stripes. Wrings limpid ; costal, radial, and cubital veins pale testaceous, the rest whitish. Halteres pale green. Legs testaceous; tips of the tibiae, and of the joints of the tarsi, and the whole of the fore tarsi, blackish. Not common. (E.) 35. pariliS) n. Mas et Foini. viridis, thorace vittis tribus pallide testaceis, alis pubescentibus subcinereis, venis albidis apud costam tes- taceis, halteribus albis, tibiis et tarsorum articulis apice tarsisque anticis totis nigricantibus. Long. 2-3 ; alar. 3-4 lin. Male and Fpm. Green. Thorax with three pale testaceous stripes. Wings pubescent, slightly greyish ; costal, cubital, and radial veins tes- taceous, the rest whitish. Halteres white. Legs pale green ; tips of the tibiae, and of the joints of the tarsi, and the whole of the fore tarsi, blackish. Male. Anteniue with testaceous plumes. — Var. ^. Pale green. Stripes of the thorax almost obsolete. Common. (E.) 36. mancus, n. Mas, viridis, thorace vittis tribus luteis, alis lim- pidis, venis albidis, pedibiis testaceis, femoribus, tibiis et tarsorum arti- culis apice nigricantibus. Long. If ; alar. 3 liu. Male. Green. Antennae with brown plumes. Thorax with three luteous stripes. Wings limpid; veins whitish. Halteres pale green. Legs pale testaceous ; tips of the femora, of the tibia;, and of the joints of the tarsi, blackish. Not common. (E.) 37. convictus, n, Mas et Fcern. pallide viridis, validiusculus, tho- VOL. IV. Y 162 CHIRONOMID^. 7'ace vittis trihiis testaceis, alls albo-limpidis, venis lialteribusqiie alhidis, tibiis et tarsorum articulis apice nigricantibus. Long. 2 ; alar. 3^ lin. Male and Fern. Pale green, rather stout. Thorax with three testaceous stripes. Wings limpid-tvhite ; veins and halteres tchitlsh. Legs pale green ; tips of the tibise and of the joints of the tarsi blackish. Not common. (E.) ^ "^ifV 38. testacetis? Mcq. D. N. i. 198. 16 (1826); Meig. ; Stfeg. : ' ' {, Zett. — Var. ? Teem, pallide testaceus, thorace vittis trihus obscurioiibus, alis perUmpidis, venis halteribusque albis, femoribus tibiis tarsisque apice /v' obscure testaceis. Long. 1^; alar. 3 lin. Var. ? Fern. Pale testaceous. Thorax with three slightly darher stripes. Wings quite limpid ; veins and halteres white. Legs very pale testa- ceous ; tips of the femora, of the tibia?, and of the tarsi, darker. Not common. (E.) 39. ruf ovittatus ? Sta^g. Dipt. Dan. 570. 89 (1840); Zett.— Var. ? Foem. pallide testaceus, thorace vittis tribus paullo obscurloribus, alls siiblitnpldis, imils pallide testaceis, segmentorum abdonwialium mar- ginibus postlcis albidis. Long. 1^ ; alar. 3 lin. Var. ? Fern. Pale testaceous. Thorax tolth three indistinct slightly darTier stripes. Wings nearly limpid ; veins pale testaceous. Hind bor- ders of the abdominal segments ichitish. Not common. (E.) 40. modicellus, n. Fcem. pallide testaceus, alis albo-Umjndls, hal- teribus pcdibusque albis, abdomine viridi. Long. 1 ; alar. 2 lin. Fern. Pale testaceous. Wings limpid-white. Halteres and legs white. Abdomen pale green. Not common. (E.) 41. affinis, Steph. M&S.—pallldulus, var.? IMeig. 31as et Fcem. pallide Inteus, alls llmpldis pfd^escentlbus, venis pallide testaceis, halte- ribus albis, abdomine viridi, pedibus testaceis. Long. l|^-lf ; alar. 3 lin. Pale luteous. Wings limpid, pubescent ; veins pale testaceous. Hal- teres white. Abdomen pale green. Legs testaceous, long, slender. Mate. Antenna? with testaceous plumes. Abdomen luteous towards the tip. Rare. In the British Museum. (E.) 42. nubeculosus, Meig. Zw. i. 32. 37 (1818); Mcq.; Gim. ; Stseg. ; Zett. Mas et Fcem. testaceus, thorace vittis tribus piceis, alis albo-limpidis, venis albis cinereo-limbatis, abdomine nigro, segmentorum raarginibus posticis albidis. Long. 2o-3; alar. 3.j-4 lin. Male and Fern. Testaceous. Palpi and antenna? black. Thorax with three piceous stripes. Wings limpid-white, with grey stripes along the veins, or grey, with the discs of the arcolcts limpid-wliite ; costal, ra- dial, and cubital veins whitish, the rest white. Halteres whitish. Ab- CHIRONOMUS. 163 domen black, piil)escent, with a whitish band on the hind border of each segment. Legs testaceous, long, slender. Not rare. (E.) 43. gibbus, F. E. S. iv. 245. 54 (1792); Panz. ; Latr. ; Meig. ; Mcq. ; Zeii.—Jlexilis? L. ; Geoff.; F. ; Meig. Fcem. pallide viridis, thorace vittis tribiis luteis, alls albo-linipidis fascia lata cinerea, abdo- mine apicera versus nigricante, pedibus albidis, femoribus ex parte tibiisque posticis fuscis. Long. 2\; alar. 5 lin. Fern. Pale green. Palpi blackish towards the tips. Thorax with three luteous stripes. IF'ings limpid-white, grey at the base, and ic'dh a broad grey hand ; veins whitish, brown in the band, llalteres white. Abdomen blackish towards the tip. Legs whitish, long, slender; fe- mora partly brown ; hind tibiae brown. Rare. In the British Museum. 44. maculipennis, Meig. Zw. i. 38. 38 (1818); Gim. Mas et Foem. niger, tliorace cano vittis quatuor nigris, alls albis, areolarnm discis cinereo-maculatis, venis albis apud costam testaceis, pedibus sor- dide testaceis, coxis femoribusque nigricantibus. Long. 2^-3 ; alar. 3 1-4 lin. Male and Fern. Black. Thorax above hoary, with four slender black stripes. Wings white, with grey oblong spots on the discs of most of the areolets ; costal, radial, and cubital veins pale testaceous, the rest white. Halteres whitish. Abdomen very pubescent. Legs dingy testaceous, long, slender; coxcB and femora blackish. Not rare. (E.) 45. albimanus, Meig. Zw. i. 40. 45 (1818); Mcq.; Gira.; Stfcg.; Zett. — annularis, [Meig. Kl. Zw. ; Panz. Mas et Fcem. niger, nitidus, alis limpidis, venis albidis apud costam nigris, metatarsis anticis necnon tibiis metatarsisque posterioribus albidis, apice nigris. Long. 2 J— 3 ; alar. 34—4 lin. Male and Fern. Black, shining. Wings limpid ; costal, radial, and cubital veins black, the rest whitish. Halteres white. Legs slender, rather long ; fore metatarsi white, generally black towards the tips ; posterior tibise and posterior metatarsi whitish, black towards the tips. Male. Antennpc with black plumes. Generally distributed. (E. S. I.) 46. vagans? Meig. Zw. vi. 249. 91 (1830); Sta?g. ; Eos.; Zett. Mas, niger, alis albo-limpidis, venis albidis apud costam testaceis, pedi- bus testaceis. Long. 2^ ; alar. 4 lin. Male. Black. Wings limpid-white ; costal, radial, and cubital veins pale testaceous, the rest whitish. Halteres and legs testaceous. Abdo- men very piibescent. Not common. (E.) 47. disclusus, n. Mas, niger, alis albo-limj)idis, venis albis apud costam testaceis, halteribus pedibusque testaceis, tibiis anticis femoritjus- 164 CIIIRONOMID^. que toils, necnon ilh'ds posterioribus tarsisque apice fuscescentihus. Long. H ; alar. 4 lin. Male. Black. Antennaj with black plumes. Wings limpid -white ; costal, radial, and cubital veins testaceous, the rest white. Halteres pale testaceous. Legs testaceous; femora, fore tiblce, and tips of the tibia; and of the tarsi, brownish. Not common. In Mr. Saunders' collection. (E.) 48. opacus? Meig. Zw. vi. 249. 90 (1830). Mas, ater, alis albo- limpidis, venis halteribusque albis, pedibusfuscis. Long. 1 ; alar. 2 lin. Male. Deep black. Antennse with black plumes. Wings limpid- white ; veins and halteres white. Legs brown. Not common. (E.) 49. albipes? Zett. Dipt. Scand. ix. 3588. 124 (1850). Mas et Foem. niger, antennis basi flavis, alis pubescentibus sublimpidis, venis pedibusque albidis. Long. 2-3 ; alar. 3-4 lin. 3Iale and Fern. Black. Antennae pale yellow towards the base. Wings nearly limpid, pubescent ; veins whitish. Halteres white. Legs tohitish, slender. Male. Antennte with black plumes. Generally distributed. (E. S. I.) 50. mopertus, n. Mas, niger, alis limpidis, venis albidis apud costani testaceis, abdomine pedibusque sordide viridibus. Long. 2 ; alar. 3 lin. Male. Black. Antennae with black plumes. Wings limpid ; costal, radial, and cubital veins pale testaceous, the rest whitish. Halteres whitish. Abdomen and legs dull green. Not common. (E.) 51. pedellus, D. G. Ins. vi. 146. 17 (1783); Latr.; Meig.; Mcq.; Zett.; Gim.; StaBg. — fuscus, 1j. — littoralis, Qchv.; Geoff. — cantans,!^.; Meig. Kl. Zw. ILas et Foem. niger, nitidus; ahs albo-limpidis, abdomine viridi apicem versus nigro, pedibus viridibus, femoribus tibiis et tarsormn articulis apice nigris. Long. 3-4 ; alar. 4-5 lin. Male and Fern. Black, shining. Wings limpid-white ; veins whitish. Halteres grass -green. Abdomen grass -green, black towards the tip, clothed with white pubescence. Legs pale green ; tips of the femora, of the tibifB, and of the joints of the tarsi, black. Male. Plumes of the antennse brown, white towards the tips ; fore tibiai towards the tips, and fore metatarsi towards the base, black. Fern. Thorax green, with three black stripes. Generally distributed. (E. S. I.) 52. fuscipenms? Meig. Zw. i. 36. 31 (1818).— Var.? Fcem. viridi-niger, nitidus, ahs subfuscis basi limpidis, venis halteribusque albidis, his apice nigricautibus, pedibus testaceis, tibiis apice nigris, femoribus anticis nigro-cinctis. Long. 3 ; alar. 6 lin. Var.? Fern. Greenish-black, shining. Palpi and antenuic testaceous. Wings indistinctly tinged with brown, limpid towards the base ; costal, CHIROXOMUS. 165 radial, and cubital veins pale, the rest whitisli. Hal teres whitish, with blackish tips. Abdomen blackish-green. Legs testaceous, long, slen- der ; tips of the tibise black ; fore legs very long, their femora with a broad black band towards the tips. Hare. In the British Museum. (E.) .53. occipiens, n. Mas, fuscns, thorace vittis tribus 7iif/ris, alis subciuereis, venis pedibusque testaceis, halteribus albidis. Long. 3^ ; alar. 4^ liu. Male. Broimi, shining. AntennfB with black plumes. Thorax toith three black stripes. Wings very slightly greyish ; veins pale testaceous. Halteres whitish. Legs dark testaceous. Rare. (E.) 54. annularius, D. G. Lis. vi. 146. 18 (1783); Latr.; Meig. ; Meg. ; Mcq. ; Zett. ; Gim. 3Ias et Foem. cinereus, thorace vittis tribus n'ujricantibus, alis sublimpidis, veuis albidis apud costam nigris, abdomine nigro, segmentorum marginibus posticis canis, pedibus testa- ceis, tibiis et tarsorum articulis apice nigris. Long. 3^-4 ; alar. 5-6 lin. Male and Fern. Grey. Palpi and antenna? black. Thorax tcith three blackish stripes. Wings nearly limpid, slightly ciliated along the hind border ; costal, radial, and cubital veins, and discal transverse veinlet black, the rest whitish. Halteres whitish. Abdomen black, pubes- cent, with a hoary band on the hind border of each segment. Le(/s testaceous; coxas grey; tips of the tibitc and of the joints of the tarsi black. Male. Antennae with blackish plumes. Generally distributed. (E. S. I.) 55. obnixus, n. 3Ias, nicjer, thorace fnlvo vittis tribus nit/ri-s, alis albo-liiiipidis, veuis albis, halteribus pedibusque testaceis. Long. 2 ; alar. 3 liu. Male. Black. Antennte with blackish plumes. Thoras, tawny, toith three black stripes. JFinr/s limpid-white ; veins white. Halteres aiul legs testaceous ; tarsi darker. Not common. (E.) 56. brunnipes? Zett. Dipt. Scand. ix. 3518. 35 (1850). Mas et Foem. nirjro-fuscus, thorace fulvo vittis tribus nigris, alis sublimpidis, venis testaceis, halteribus albis, pedibus ferruyineis. Long. 21-3 ; alar. 4-41- lin. Male and Fein. Blackish-brown. Thorax tawny, with three very broad black stripes. Wings nearly limpid ; veins pale testaceous, Halteres white. Abdomen ratlier long. Legs ferruginous, long, slender. Male. Antennae with blackish plumes. Not common. (E.) 57. pulsus, n. Mas et Fcem. obscure viridis, thorace vittis tribus nigris, alls Umpidis, venis albis apud costam viridibus, pedibus viridibus, femoribus tibiis tarsisque apice fuscis. Long. 3-3^ ; alar. 4-5 lin. Male and Fern. Dark green. Thorax with three black stripes. Meta- 166 chironomidjE. thorax black. Wings limpid ; costal, radial, and cubital veins pale green, the rest white. Halteres white. Abdomen pubescent. Legs pale green, pubescent ; tips of the femora, of the tibiae and of the tarsi, brown. Not common. (E.) 58. tentans, P. S. A. 38. 3 (1805) ; Meig. ; Mcq. ; Gim. ; Stteg. ; Zett. — vernalls, Meig. Kl. Z\v. Mas et Fcem, viridis, thorace vittis tribus nigris, alis albo-limpidis, venis albis apud costam testaceis, venula transversa nigra, abdominis segmeniis nigro-fasciatis, tibiis et tarsorum articulis apice nigris. Long. 3-4i; alar. 5 lin. 3Iale and Fern. Oreen. Thorax with three blacTc stripes, the middle one subdivided. Wings limpid-tohtte ; costal, radial, and cubital veins testa- ceous, the rest white ; discal transverse veinlet black. Abdominal seg- ments loith black bands, which vary in breadth, and occasionally in the middle extend to the hind border, leaving a green spot on each side. Legs pale green ; tips of the tibiae and of the joints of the tarsi black. Male. Antennse with brown plumes. Fem. AutenuEe testaceous, black towards the tips. Generally distributed. (E. S. I.) 59. pallens, Meig. Zw. i. 22. 5 (1818); Meg.; Gim. ; Sta;g. ; Zett. Mas et Foem. niger, thorace vittis tribus nigricantibus, alis sub- limpidis, venis albidis apud costam testaceis, venula transversa riigricante, segmentorum abdominalium marginibus posticis cano-viridibus, pedibus testaceis, tibiis et tarsorum articulis apice nigris; Mas, thorace cano ; Foem. thorace viridi. Long. 3-3i ; alar. 4|- lin. Male and Fem. Black. Thorax with three blackish stripes. Wings nearly limpid; costal, radial, and cubital veins testaceous, the rest whitish ; discal transverse veinlet blackish. Halteres green. Abdomen with a hoary-green band on the hind border of each segment. Legs testaceous ; tips of the tibia3 and of the joints of the tarsi black. Male. Antenufe with blackish plumes. Thorax hoary. Fern. Thorax green. Generally distributed. (E. S. I.) 60. riparius, Meig. Zw. i. 23. 6 (1818); Mcq.; Gim.; Stteg. ; Zett. Mas et Foem. nigricans, thorace viridi vittis tribus nigricantibus, alis albo-limpidis, venis albidis apud costam testaceis, venula transversa nigra, segme)dorum abdominalium marginibus posticis viridibus, pedibus viridibus, tibiis et tarsorum articulis apice nigris. Long. 3-3-}; alar. 4i lin. Male and Fem. Blackish. Thorax green above, with three blackish stripes, the middle one subdivided. Wings limpid-white ; costal, radial, and cubital veins testaceous, the rest whitish; discal transverse veinlet black. Halteres green. Abdomen ivilh a green band on the hind border of each segment. Legs green ; tips of the tibia;, of the joints of the tarsi, and of the fore femora, black. This may be a variety of the preceding species. Generally dis- tributed. (E. S. I.) CHIRONOMUS. 167 61. psittacinus? Meig. Z\v. vi. 247. 84 (1830); StfBg. ; Zett. Mas, pallide viridis, tJiorace vittisque tribus nigro-fuscis, alis limpidis, venis albis, pedibus albidis. Long. 1^; alar. 24 lin. Male. Pale green. Antenna; with brown plumes. Thorax with three blacldsh-broicri stripes. Metathorax blackish-l)vown. Wings limpid ; veins white. Halteres pale green. Abdomen pubescent. Legs whitish, long, slender. Not common. (E.) 62. flaveolus, Meg.; Meig. Zw. i. 23. 7 (1818); Mcq. ; Gim. ; Streg. ; 'LQii.^lavicollis, ]\Ieig. Mas et Foem. viridis, thorace vittis tribus ferragineis, alis albo-limpidis, venis albis apud costam testaceis, aJj- dominis segmentis nigro-fasciaiis albo-marginatis, pedibus viridibus, tibiis et tarsorum articulis apice nigricantibus. Long. 3-3|- ; alar. 4-5 lin. 3Iale and Fern. Green. Palpi and antennfc black, the latter green towards the base. Thorax with three ferruginous stripes, the middle one divided. Wings limpid-white ; costal, radial, and cubital veins testa- ceous, the rest white ; discal transverse veinlet black. Halteres whitish. Abdominul segments with blacJc bands, their hind borders ichite. Legs green, slender; tips of the tibipe and of the joints of the tarsi blackish. Male. Antennae with brown plumes. Fern. Abdominal bands darker and broader than those of the male. Geuerally distributed. (E. S. I.) 63. pilipes, Meg. ; Meig. Zw. i. 26. 13 (1818). Mas, viridis, tho- race vittis tribus fuscis, alis limpidis, venis albis apud costam fuscescen- tibus, abdominis seg mentis fasco-fasciatis, tibiis et tarsorum articulis apice fuscescentibus. Long. 3 ; alar. 5 lin. Green. Thorax with three brown stripes, the middle one divided. Wings limpid ; costal, radial, and cubital veins brownish, the rest whitish ; discal transverse veinlet darker brown. Halteres whitish. Abdomen very pilose, with brown bands. Legs pale green, pilose ; tips of the tibiro and of the joints of the tarsi brownish. Rare. In the British Museum. (E.) _ 64. virescens, Meig. Zw. i. 31. 23 (1818); Gim. Mas et Foem. viridis, -thorace vittis tribus pallide riifescentibus, alis albo-limpidis, venis albis apud costam testaceis, pedibus viridi- albis, tibiis apice tarsisque anticis nigris. Long. 2^-31 ; alar. 4-5 lin. Male and Fern. Green. Thorax with three pale reddish stripes. Wings limpid-iohite ; costal, mediastinal, and cubital veins testaceous, the rest white. Halteres white. Legs greenish-white ; fore tarsi and tips of the tibia black. Male. Antennae with testaceous plumes. Not rare. (E.) 65. malacus, u. Mas et Ftem. prasinus, thorace vittis tribus tes- taceo-viridibus, alis albo-limpidis, venis haltcribusquc albis, tibiis apice tarsisque nigris, horum articulis prirao et secundo albis. Long. 2-J--3 ; alar. 4 lin. 168 CHIUONOMIDiE. Male and Fem. Gt'ass- green. Thorax with three testaceous-green stripes. JFings limpid-white ; veins and halteres white. Legs pale green, long, slender ; tibiae loith black tips ; tarsi black ; first and second joints white, black towards the tips. Not rare. (E.) 66. imbeciliSj n. Maset Fcejn. viridis, thorace vittis tribus luteis, alis albo-limpidis, venis albis apud costam testaceis, pedibus pallide vi- ridibiis. Long. 2|— 3 ; alar. 3-4 lin. Male and Fem. Green. Thorax with three luteoiis stripes. Metatho- rax and pectus luteous. Wings limpid-white ; costal, radial, and cubital veins pale testaceous, the rest white. Halteres white. Abdomen with white pubescence. Legs pale green, long, slender. Male. Antennse with pale brown plumes. Not rare. (E.) 67. dorsalis? Meig. Zw. i. 25. 10 (1818); Stfeg.; Zett. Mas et Fcem., pallide viridis, thorace vittis tribus luteis, alis limpidis ; Mas, ab- dominis segmentis fusco-fasciatis ; Fcem. abdomine fusco, segmentorum marginibus posticis viridibus. Long. 3^ ; alar. 5 lin. Male and Fem. Pale green. Tlt,orax toith three luteous stripes, the middle one double. Metathorax brownish. Wings limpid ; costal, ra- dial, and cubital veins and discal transverse veinlet testaceous, the other veins whitish. Halteres white. Legs pale green, slender ; tips of tlie tibise, of the joints of the tarsi, and of the fore femora, and base of the fore tibiae, blackish. Male. Antenna? with brown plumes. Abdo- minal segments with broion bands, which are broadest towards the tip. Fem. Abdomen broton ; hind borders of the segments pale green. Not common. (E.) 68. paganus? Meig. Zw. vii. 7. 135 (1838).— Var.? Mas et Foem. prasinus, thorace vittis tribus vix conspicuis testaceis, alis albo-limpidis, venis albis, tibiis et tarsorum articulis apice nigricantibus. Long. 2\-Z\ ; alar. 3^-4 lin. Var.? Male and Fem. Grass-green. Thorax with three almost obsolete testaceous stripes. Wings limpid - white ; veins white. Halteres pale green. Abdomen rather long. Legs pale green, long, slender ; tips of the tibice and of the joints of the tarsi blackish. Male. Antennae with brown plumes. Not common. (E.) 69. obreptans, n. Fcem. viridis, thorace vittis tribus luteis, alis Umpidis, venis albidis, femoribus anticis tibiisque apice tarsiscpie totis ni- gricantibus. Long. 2 ; alar. 4 lin. Fem. Pale green. Thorax rcith three luteous stripes. Pectus and metathorax pale luteous. Wings limpid ; veins whitish. Halteres pale green. Abdomen deep grass -green. Legs pule green, long, slender ; tarsi and tips of the tibice and of the fore femora blackish. Not common. (E.) CHIRONOMUS. 169 70. trichopus, n. Mas, viridi-testaceus, thorace vittis tribus fnl- vis, all's limjjidis, venls lialtei'ib usque albidis, ahdom'ine pllosissimo vitta dorsali fulva, pedihiis iestacels pilosissimis. Long. 8 ; alar. 4 liii. 3Iale. Greenisk-iesiaceous. Thorax with three tawny stripes. Wiwjs limpid; veins and halteres lohitish. Abdomen very pilose, with a slender tawny stripe. Leys pale testaceous, very pilose. Hare. In the British Museum. (E.) 71. pallidicornis, Steph. MSS. Mas tt Teem, pallide viridis, thorace vittis tribus luteis, alis limpidis, venis albidis apud costam testa- ceis, halteribus albis, pedibus testaceis. Long. 1-1 i ; alar. 2 liu. Male and Fem. Pale (jreen. Thorax with three pale luteous stri2)es. Wings limpid ; costal, radial, and cubital veins pale testaceous, the rest whitish. Halteres white. Leys testaceous. Male. Antennce with testa- ceous plumes. Rare. In the British Museum. (E.) 72. albidus, Wied. Meig. Zw. i. 51. 71 (1818). Mas et Fcem. viridi-albus, thorace vittis tribus fulvis, alis albo-limpidis, venis albis apud costam stramineis, halteribus albis, pedibus albidis. Long, li-1^ ; alar. 3 lin. Male and Fem. Greenish- white. Thorax with three tawny stripes. JFings limpid-white ; costal, radial, and cubital veins pale straw-colour, the rest white. Halteres white. Leys whitish, pubescent, slender, rather long. Not common. (E.) 73. tendens, F. E. S. iv. 243. 47 (1792); Meig.; Mcq. ; Gim. ; Stajg. ; Zett. Fa^m. testaceus, nitidus, thorace convexiusculo antico subproducto, alis limpidis apud costam subtestaccis, venis haltcribus- que albidis, segmentorum abdorainalium niarginibus posticis pallidiori- bus. Long. 3-4 ; alar. 6-8 Un. Fem. Testaceous, shining. Palpi blackish. Thorax rather convex, slightly advanced in front. Wings limpid, with a slight testaceous tinge along the costa ; veins and halteres whitish. Pliud borders of the abdominal segments pale testaceous. Legs pale testaceous, long, slender. Not common. (E.) 74. perennis? Meig. Zw. vi. 249. 92 (1830). 3fas, nigcr, alis limpidis, venis halteribusque albidis, illis apud costam testaceis, pedibus fuscis. Long, l-i; alar. 3 lin. Male. Black. Antennas with black plumes. Wings limpid ; costal, radial, and cubital veins testaceous, the rest whitish. Halteres whitish. Leys brotcn, slender. Not common. (E.) 75. discrepans, n. Mas, nigor, nitens, alis albo-limpidis, venis albis a[)ud costam testaceis, halteribus albidia, abdomine viridi, suturis VOL. IV. Z 170 CHIKONOMID^. ajnceriiie nujricanilbus, pedibiis viri(Ud?(s, tibiis et tarsorura articulis apice feraoribusque totis iiigricantibus. Long. 3-^; alar. 6 lin. Male. Black, shining. Antennie with black plumes. AVings limpid- white ; costal, radial, and cnbital veins pale testaceous, the rest white. Halteres whitish. Abdomen darl' green ; sutures and three apical seg- ments blackish. Legs dull i)ale green, long, slender; femora and tips of the tibiffi and of the joints of the tarsi blackish. Not commou. In the British Museum. (E.) 76. tarsalis, Steph. MSS. Mas, niger, nitens, alis albo-lirapidis, veiiis halteribusque albis, abdomine viridi a^ncem versus nigro, tarsis ((Ibis. Long. 3 ; alar. 5 liu. Male. Black, shining. Wings limpid-white ; veins and halteres white. Abdomen pale green, black towards the tip. Legs black, long, slender ; tarsi white. Rare. In the British Museum. (E.) 77. patens, n. Fcem. piceus, thorace iiitente, alis sublimpidis pubescentibus, venis albidis apud costam testaccis, halteribus albis, abdomine fusco, segmentorum marginibus posticis ventreque albidis, pedibus testaceis, femoribus anticis apice subfuscescentibus. Long. 3 ; alar. 6 lin. Fern. Piceous. Thorax shining. AYings almost limpid, pubescent ; costal, radial, and cubital veins testaceous, the rest whitish. Halteres white. AlKlomen brown ; hind borders of the segments and under- side whitish. Legs testaceous, long, slender; fore femora slightly brownish towards the tips. Rare. In the British Museum. (E.) 78. lugubris? Zett. Dipt. Scand. ix. 3490. 8 (1850). Mas, niger, thorace cinereo vittis tribus nigris, alis limpidis, venis albis apud costam nigricantibas, venula transversa nigra, halteribus albidis, segmentorum abdominalium marginibus posticis ciuereis. Long. 4 ; alar. 6 lin. Male. Black. Antenntc with black plumes. Thorax grey beneath and on each side, and with two slender grey dorsal stripes. Wings limpid ; costal, radial, and cubital veins blackish, the other veins white ; discal transverse veinlet black. Halteres whitish. Abdomen pul)escent, with a grey band on the hind border of each segment. Legs slender ; posterior tibia3 and tarsi pubescent. Rare. (E.) 79. enotatus, n. Mas, niger, thorace cinereo vittis tribus nigris, alis sul)limpidis, venis apud costam halterib7isque fuscis, segmentorum abdominalium marginibus posticis cauis, pedibus pallide fuscis. Long. 3 ; alar. 4 lin. Male. Black. Antenna; with black plumes. Thorax grey, with three black stripes. Illngs nearly limpid ; costal, radial, and cubit((l veins, and discal transverse veinlet, broivn, the other veins paler. Halteres CHIRONOMUS. 171 brown. Hind borders of the abdominal segments hoary. Legs pale brown. Rare. (E.) 80. involitans, n. Mas, niger, thorace cinereo vittis tribus nigris, alls sublimpidis, venls halteribusqne alhidis, illis aputl costam testaceis, pedibus pallide fuscls, tarsis anticis nigricantibus. Long. 3|- ; alar. 4-i lin. Male. Black. Thorax grey, with three black stripes. Wings almost limpid ; costal, radial, and cubital veins pale testaceous, the rest whitish. Halteres whitish. Abdomen very long. Legs pale brown, long, slender ; fore tarsi blackish. Rare. (E.) 81. coxivectus, n. Mas, niger, thorace testaceo vittis trihiis nigris, alls sublimpidis, venis halteribusque albidis, illis apud costam tcsta- ceis, pedibus fuscis, tarsis anticis nigricantibus. Long. 3-4 ; alar. 5-6 lin. Male. Black. Antennaj with black plumes. Thorax above testaceous, with three black stripes. Wings nearly limpid ; costal, radial, and cubital veins pale testaceous, the rest whitish. Halteres whitish. Legs brown, slender; fore tarsi blackish. Not rare. (E.) 82. plumosus, L. F. S. 1756 (1761); F. ; Schr. ; Gmel. ; Latr. ; Lam.; Meig. ; IMcq. ; Gim. ; Zctt. — grandis, Meg.; Mcig. J\[as ct Fceiii. cano-tcstaccus, thorace vittis tribus nigro-cinereis, alis sublimpidis, venis halteribusque albidis, illis apud costam nigris, abdomine nigro- cinereo, segraentorum margiuibus posticis albidis, pedibus testaceis, tibiis et tarsorum articulis apice nigris. Long. 4-6 ; alar. 6-7 lin. Testaceous, with hoarg tomentmn. Palpi and antennae black. Thora,v with three blackish-grey stripes. Wings nearly limpid, with a distinct black discal dot, slightly ciliated along the hind border; costal, radial, and cubital veins black, the rest whitish. Halteres whitish, ylbdomen blackish-grey, pubescent, with a whitish baud on the hind border of each segment. Legs testaceous ; coxte hoary ; tips of the tibi;c and of the joints of the tarsi black. Male. Antenna) with brown plumes. Generally distributed. (E. S. L) p, ^^1 83. littorellus? Meig. Zw. i. 26. 12 (1818); Gim. Yar. ? Mas, ^rjjh ^/^ viridis, thorace vittis tribus fuscis, alis limpidis, venis halteribusque albis, ' j^ illis apud discum testaceis, abdomine fuscescentc, segmentorum mar- ' /'• «- ginibus posticis albidis, pedibus testaceis, femoribus tibiis et tarsorum articulis apice fuscis. Long. 2^ ; alar. 3. lin. Var. ? Green. Thorax with three brown stripes, the middle one double. Pectus and metathorax brown. W^ings limpid ; costal, radial, and cubital veins, and discal transverse veinlet, pale testaceous, the other veins white. Halteres white. Abdomen brownish; hind borders of the segments whitish. Legs pale testaceous; tips of the femora, of 172 CHIRONOMIDjf:. the tibiae, and of the joints of the tarsi, brown. Male. Antennae with brown plumes. Not common. In the British Museum. (E.) 84. cingulatus, Steph. MSS. — modestus ? Meig. ; Sta3g. ; Zett. Mas, testaceus, tliorace vittis tribus imlllde fmc'is, aUs sublimpidis pubes- centibus, venis albidis apud costam testaceis, abdomine fusco, segmen- torum marginibus posticis albidis. Long. 3 ; alar. 3 lin. Male. Testaceous. Thorax toith three pale brown stripes. Wings nearly limpid, pubescent ; costal, radial and cubital veins testaceous, the rest whitish. Abdomen brown, very pilose, with a whitish band on each segment. Legs testaceous, slender, pubescent. Rare. In the British Museum. 85. ferrugineo-vittatus ? Zett. Dipt. Scand. ix. 3492. 10(1850); Zett. Fceni. var. ? viridis, thorace vittis tribus ferrugineis, alis lim- pidis, venis albis apud costam testaceis, venula transversa fusca, abdo- mine nigj'o, segmentorum marginibus posticis viridibus, pedibus fiilvis va- lidiusculis, femoribus tibiis at tarsorum articulis apice nigris. Long. 2i-3 ; alar. 4-5 lin. Fem. Var. ? Green. Palpi and antennse black. Thorax with three pale ferruginous stripes. Wings limpid ; discal transverse veinlet pale brown; costal, radial, and cubital veins testaceous, the rest white. Halteres whitish. Abdomen black ; hind borders of the segments green. Legs tawny, minutely pubescent, rather stout ; tips of the femora, of the tibia, and of the joints of the tai'si, black. Not rare. (E.) 86. nigrimanus, Staeg. ; Dipt. Dan. 566. 21 (1840) ; Zett. Fxm.